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核膜上 SUN-KASH 复合物的结构见解。

Structural insights into SUN-KASH complexes across the nuclear envelope.

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

出版信息

Cell Res. 2012 Oct;22(10):1440-52. doi: 10.1038/cr.2012.126. Epub 2012 Sep 4.

Abstract

Linker of the nucleoskeleton and the cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes are composed of SUN and KASH domain-containing proteins and bridge the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope. LINC complexes play critical roles in nuclear positioning, cell polarization and cellular stiffness. Previously, we reported the homotrimeric structure of human SUN2. We have now determined the crystal structure of the human SUN2-KASH complex. In the complex structure, the SUN domain homotrimer binds to three independent "hook"-like KASH peptides. The overall conformation of the SUN domain in the complex closely resembles the SUN domain in its apo state. A major conformational change involves the AA'-loop of KASH-bound SUN domain, which rearranges to form a mini β-sheet that interacts with the KASH peptide. The PPPT motif of the KASH domain fits tightly into a hydrophobic pocket on the homotrimeric interface of the SUN domain, which we termed the BI-pocket. Moreover, two adjacent protomers of the SUN domain homotrimer sandwich the KASH domain by hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding. Mutations of these binding sites disrupt or reduce the association between the SUN and KASH domains in vitro. In addition, transfection of wild-type, but not mutant, SUN2 promotes cell migration in Ovcar-3 cells. These results provide a structural model of the LINC complex, which is essential for additional study of the physical and functional coupling between the cytoplasm and the nucleoplasm.

摘要

核骨架和细胞骨架(LINC)复合物的连接蛋白由 SUN 和 KASH 结构域蛋白组成,连接核膜的内、外膜。LINC 复合物在核定位、细胞极化和细胞硬度中起关键作用。我们之前报道了人 SUN2 的三聚体结构。现在我们已经确定了人 SUN2-KASH 复合物的晶体结构。在复合物结构中,SUN 结构域三聚体与三个独立的“钩状”KASH 肽结合。复合物中 SUN 结构域的整体构象与 apo 状态下的 SUN 结构域非常相似。主要的构象变化涉及 KASH 结合的 SUN 结构域的 AA'-loop,其重新排列形成与 KASH 肽相互作用的 mini β- 片层。KASH 结构域的 PPPT 基序紧密结合在 SUN 结构域三聚体界面上的疏水性口袋中,我们称之为 BI-口袋。此外,SUN 结构域三聚体的两个相邻原体通过疏水相互作用和氢键夹在 KASH 结构域之间。这些结合位点的突变会破坏或减少 SUN 和 KASH 结构域在体外的结合。此外,野生型 SUN2 的转染而非突变体促进了 Ovcar-3 细胞的迁移。这些结果提供了 LINC 复合物的结构模型,对于进一步研究细胞质和核质之间的物理和功能偶联至关重要。

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