Orbán Levente L, Dastur Farhad N
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Evol Psychol. 2012 May 25;10(2):238-52. doi: 10.1177/147470491201000206.
The present study explores two hypotheses: a) women during early pregnancy should experience increased color discrimination ability, and b) women during early pregnancy should experience shifts in subjective preference away from images of foods that appear either unripe or spoiled. Both of these hypotheses derive from an adaptive view of pregnancy sickness that proposes the function of pregnancy sickness is to decrease the likelihood of ingestion of foods with toxins or teratogens. Changes to color discrimination could be part of a network of perceptual and physiological defenses (e.g., changes to olfaction, nausea, vomiting) that support such a function. Participants included 13 pregnant women and 18 non-pregnant women. Pregnant women scored significantly higher than non-pregnant controls on the Farnsworth-Munsell (FM) 100 Hue Test, an objective test of color discrimination, although no difference was found between groups in preferences for food images at different stages of ripeness or spoilage. These results are the first indication that changes to color discrimination may occur during early pregnancy, and is consistent with the view that pregnancy sickness may function as an adaptive defense mechanism.
a）怀孕早期的女性应具备增强的颜色辨别能力，b）怀孕早期的女性应出现主观偏好的转变，即远离未成熟或变质食物的图像。这两个假设均源于对妊娠病的适应性观点，该观点认为妊娠病的作用是降低摄入含有毒素或致畸物食物的可能性。颜色辨别能力的变化可能是支持这一功能的感知和生理防御网络（例如嗅觉、恶心、呕吐的变化）的一部分。参与者包括13名孕妇和18名非孕妇。在法恩斯沃思-芒塞尔（FM）100色调测试（一种颜色辨别能力的客观测试）中，孕妇的得分显著高于非怀孕对照组，尽管在对不同成熟或变质阶段食物图像的偏好上，两组之间未发现差异。这些结果首次表明，怀孕早期可能会出现颜色辨别能力的变化，这与妊娠病可能作为一种适应性防御机制的观点相一致。
