[公立大学医院收治的孕妇饮酒模式及相关危险因素]

[Alcohol use pattern in pregnant women cared for in a public university hospital and associated risk factors].

作者信息

de Souza Líbera Helena Ribeiro Fagundes, Dos Santos Maria Célia, de Oliveira Luiz Carlos Marques

机构信息

Área Materno-infantil do curso de Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Presidente Antônio Carlos, Araguari, MG, Brasil.

出版信息

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2012 Jul;34(7):296-303. doi: 10.1590/s0100-72032012000700002.

DOI:10.1590/s0100-72032012000700002

PMID:22948501

Abstract

PURPOSE

To determine the pattern of alcohol use before and during pregnancy and associated risk factors in puerperal women hospitalized in a public university hospital in Southeastern Brazil.

METHODS

Between June and September 2009, 493 puerperae were consecutively evaluated. Those with cognitive impairment were excluded from the study. The AUDIT and CAGE questionnaires were used to diagnose alcohol use/abuse before pregnancy, in addition to the T-ACE during pregnancy. Another questionnaire was applied to collect sociodemographic data, such as age, educational level, marital status, and household income. The χ² test was used in the statistical analysis and the Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated. A p-value <0.05 was considered to be significant.

RESULTS

Before pregnancy, the CAGE was positive in 50/405 (12.3%) women and the AUDIT identified alcohol use in 331 (67.1%), which was of low risk in 233 (47.3%), risky in 73 (14.8%), and harmful or indicating possible alcohol dependence in 25 (5%). During pregnancy, the CAGE was positive in 53/405 (13.1%) women and the T-ACE in 84 (17%); the AUDIT identified alcohol use in 114 women, which was of low risk in 73 (14.8%), risky in 27 (5.5%), and harmful or indicating possible alcohol dependence in 14 (2.8%). During pregnancy, alcohol use was more frequent (OR=2.8; 95%CI 1.2 - 6.2) among women with a lower educational level (8.8 versus 3.3%) and more frequent (OR=3.8; 95%CI 1.3 - 11.1) among those who did not cohabit with a partner (6 versus 1.7%). Among pregnant women who drank alcohol, 49/114 (43%) were advised to stop drinking.

CONCLUSIONS

Alarming alcohol use was observed during pregnancy, especially among pregnant women with a lower educational level and those who did not cohabit with a partner. There was a low frequency of counseling aimed at abstinence and the AUDIT was the instrument that most frequently diagnosed alcohol consumption.

摘要

目的

确定巴西南部一所公立大学医院收治的产后妇女在怀孕前及怀孕期间的饮酒模式及相关危险因素。

方法

2009年6月至9月期间，对493名产妇进行了连续评估。认知障碍者被排除在研究之外。除了在孕期使用T-ACE问卷外，还使用AUDIT和CAGE问卷来诊断怀孕前的饮酒/酗酒情况。另一份问卷用于收集社会人口学数据，如年龄、教育水平、婚姻状况和家庭收入。统计分析采用χ²检验，并计算优势比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

怀孕前，CAGE问卷在50/405名（12.3%）女性中呈阳性，AUDIT问卷确定331名（67.1%）女性有饮酒行为，其中低风险的有233名（47.3%），有风险的有73名（14.8%），有害或表明可能存在酒精依赖的有25名（5%）。在孕期，CAGE问卷在53/405名（13.1%）女性中呈阳性，T-ACE问卷在84名（17%）女性中呈阳性；AUDIT问卷确定114名女性有饮酒行为，其中低风险的有73名（14.8%），有风险的有27名（5.5%），有害或表明可能存在酒精依赖的有14名（2.8%）。在孕期，教育水平较低的女性饮酒更为频繁（OR=2.8；95%CI 1.2 - 6.2）（8.8%对3.3%），未与伴侣同居的女性饮酒更为频繁（OR=3.8；95%CI 1.3 - 11.1）（6%对1.7%）。在饮酒的孕妇中，49/114名（43%）被建议戒酒。