Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2012 Aug;24(4):371-8. doi: 10.3109/09540261.2012.698983.
Healthcare in Germany is characterized by a dichotomy of a private and a public healthcare sector, which also pertains to mental healthcare. While the prevalence figures of mental disorders in Germany remained fairly constant over the last 15 years, utilization rates of healthcare services due to mental disorders increased by 70-80% including inpatient and outpatient services, sick leave cases and cases of early retirement due to mental disorders. Several challenges are currently evident for mental healthcare in Germany, ranging from interesting a sufficient number of medical students for this field of medicine, dealing with the yet unforeseeable consequences of a novel mental hospital remuneration system, better integration of services and remuneration providers, to elucidating the causes of the increasing utilization rates. Mental healthcare research will take centre stage in addressing these challenges.
德国的医疗保健服务呈现出私营和公共医疗保健部门的二分法,这也适用于精神保健服务。尽管过去 15 年来德国精神障碍的患病率相对稳定,但由于精神障碍导致的医疗保健服务利用率(包括住院和门诊服务、病假和因精神障碍提前退休的病例)增加了 70-80%。目前,德国的精神保健服务面临着几个挑战,包括如何吸引足够数量的医学生从事这一医学领域、应对新的精神医院薪酬制度带来的尚未预见的后果、更好地整合服务和薪酬提供者,以及阐明利用率不断增加的原因。精神保健服务研究将在应对这些挑战方面发挥核心作用。