两种饲槽设计和调控策略对生长育肥猪生长性能和胴体特性的影响。
Effects of two feeder designs and adjustment strategies on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs.
机构信息
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506-0201, USA.
出版信息
J Anim Sci. 2012 Dec;90(12):4555-66. doi: 10.2527/jas.2011-4485. Epub 2012 Sep 5.
Our objective was to compare effects of a conventional dry (CD, 152.4-cm-wide, 5-space, Staco Inc., Schaefferstown, PA) and a wet-dry (WD, double-sided, each side = 38.1-cm-space, Crystal Springs, GroMaster Inc., Omaha, NE) feeder using various feeder adjustment openings on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs (Sus scrofa). In Exp. 1, 1,296 pigs (BW 19 kg) were used in a 27-d study to evaluate 3 feeder openings nested within each feeder design. From d 0 to 27, pigs fed with a WD feeder had similar ADG, but lower (P < 0.02) ADFI and greater G:F than pigs fed with a CD feeder. Increased adjustment opening increased (linear, P < 0.01) ADG and ADFI by pigs fed with a WD feeder, and increased (linear, P < 0.01) ADFI by pigs fed with a CD feeder. In Exp. 2, 1,248 pigs (BW 33 kg) were used to evaluate 3 feeder openings nested within each feeder design in a 93-d study. Pigs fed with a WD feeder had greater (P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, final BW, HCW, and backfat, but decreased fat-free lean index (FFLI) than those fed with a CD feeder. Increased opening of the WD feeder resulted in greater (linear, P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, HCW, and backfat, but lower FFLI. No differences among CD feeder openings were observed, and G:F did not differ among all feeder treatments. In Exp. 3, 1,287 pigs (BW 38 kg) were used in a 92-d factorial experiment with 4 feeder treatments and 2 diet types (low and high byproduct diets). Feeder treatments were CD at approximately a 2.4-cm opening, WD at a 3.2-cm opening, WD changed to a 2.5-cm opening on d 56, and WD changed to a 2.5-cm opening on d 28 and a 1.9-cm opening on d 56. Pigs fed with a WD feeder had greater (P < 0.01) ADG, ADFI, HCW, and backfat, but decreased FFLI than pigs fed with a CD feeder. Decreasing the WD feeder opening during the study decreased (P < 0.05) ADG. Pigs with the WD feeder opening decreased to 1.9 cm had reduced (P < 0.05) ADFI and backfat, but increased FFLI compared with pigs with a WD feeder opening of 3.2 cm. Feed efficiency did not differ among treatments. In conclusion, ADG, ADFI, HCW, and backfat were increased with the WD feeder evaluated in this experiment, but the growth of pigs fed with a WD feeder was more sensitive to differences in feeder adjustment than that of pigs fed with a CD feeder.
我们的目标是比较传统干（CD，152.4 厘米宽，5 空间，Staco 公司，Schaefferstown，PA）和干湿（WD，双面，每侧=38.1 厘米空间，Crystal Springs，GroMaster 公司，奥马哈，NE）喂料器在生长肥育猪（Sus scrofa）生长性能和胴体特性方面的效果。在实验 1 中，1296 头猪（BW 19 公斤）在 27 天的研究中使用了 3 种不同的喂料器开口，评估了 3 种喂料器开口。从第 0 天到第 27 天，与 CD 喂料器相比，用 WD 喂料器的猪 ADG 相似，但 ADFI 较低（P < 0.02），G:F 较高。增加喂料器开口，与 CD 喂料器相比，WD 喂料器的猪 ADG 和 ADFI 增加（线性，P < 0.01），与 WD 喂料器相比，猪 ADFI 增加（线性，P < 0.01）。在实验 2 中，1248 头猪（BW 33 公斤）在 93 天的研究中评估了 3 种喂料器开口嵌套在每种喂料器设计中。与 CD 喂料器相比，用 WD 喂料器的猪 ADG、ADFI、终重、HCW 和背膘增加，但脂肪无脂瘦肉指数（FFLI）降低（P < 0.05）。WD 喂料器开口增大，导致 ADG、ADFI、HCW 和背膘增加（线性，P < 0.05），但 FFLI 降低。在 CD 喂料器开口之间没有观察到差异，并且所有喂料器处理之间的 G:F 没有差异。在实验 3 中，1287 头猪（BW 38 公斤）在一个 92 天的析因实验中使用了 4 种喂料器处理和 2 种饲料类型（低副产品和高副产品）。喂料器处理为 CD 约 2.4 厘米开口，WD 为 3.2 厘米开口，WD 于第 56 天改为 2.5 厘米开口，WD 于第 28 天和第 56 天改为 2.5 厘米开口和 1.9 厘米开口。与 CD 喂料器相比，用 WD 喂料器的猪 ADG、ADFI、HCW 和背膘增加（P < 0.01），但 FFLI 降低。研究过程中降低 WD 喂料器开口降低了 ADG（P < 0.05）。与 WD 喂料器开口减小至 1.9 厘米的猪相比，用 WD 喂料器的猪 ADFI 和背膘降低（P < 0.05），但 FFLI 增加。处理之间的饲料效率没有差异。总之，在本实验中，用 WD 喂料器评估的 ADG、ADFI、HCW 和背膘增加，但 WD 喂料器饲养的猪的生长对喂料器调整差异的敏感性大于 CD 喂料器饲养的猪。
Zotero 插件