Bermeitinger Christina, Wentura Dirk, Koppermann Christopher, Hauser Micha, Grass Benjamin, Frings Christian
Adv Cogn Psychol. 2012;8(3):210-7. doi: 10.2478/v10053-008-0116-6. Epub 2012 Aug 21.
Semantic priming refers to the phenomenon that participants typically respond faster to targets following semantically related primes as compared to semantically unrelated primes. In contrast, Wentura and Frings (2005) found a negatively signed priming effect (i.e., faster responses to semantically unrelated as compared to semantically related targets) when they used (a) a special masking technique for the primes and (b) categorically related prime-target-pairs (e.g., fruit-apple). The negatively signed priming effect was most pronounced for participants with random prime discrimination performance, whereas participants with high prime discrimination performance showed a positive effect. In the present study we analyzed the after-effects of masked category primes in audition. A comparable pattern of results as in the visual modality emerged: The poorer the individual prime discrimination, the more negative is the semantic priming effect. This result is interpreted as evidence for a common mechanism causing the semantic priming effect in vision as well as in audition instead of a perceptual mechanism only working in the visual domain.
与语义无关的启动刺激相比，参与者通常对语义相关的启动刺激之后的目标反应更快。相比之下，温图拉和弗林斯（2005年）发现，当他们使用（a）一种针对启动刺激的特殊掩蔽技术，以及（b）类别相关的启动刺激-目标对（例如，水果-苹果）时，会出现负向的启动效应（即，对语义无关的目标的反应比对语义相关的目标更快）。负向启动效应在启动刺激辨别能力随机的参与者中最为明显，而启动刺激辨别能力高的参与者则表现出正向效应。在本研究中，我们分析了听觉中掩蔽类别启动刺激的后效应。出现了与视觉模态中类似的结果模式：个体对启动刺激的辨别能力越差，语义启动效应就越负向。这一结果被解释为在视觉和听觉中导致语义启动效应的是一种共同机制的证据，而不是仅在视觉领域起作用的感知机制。
