Sellitto Maria, Messina Francesco
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Villa Betania Evangelical Hospital, Naples, Italy.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012 Oct;25 Suppl 4:26-8. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2012.714974.
Very low birth weight and other critically ill neonates require prolonged vascular access, which is achieved in current practice with central venous catheters. The initiation of adequate parenteral nutrition and prolonged intravenous medications represent the most important applications. Central vascular access in neonates is associated with a high risk for mechanical, infectious and thrombotic complications. The use of central lines is the most common cause for thrombosis in neonates and infants. The management of line-related thrombosis is based on expert opinion guidelines and is largely dependent on patient symptoms and the further requirement of the catheter. This review article focuses on pathophysiology, diagnosis, and acute and long-term management of catheter thrombosis in neonates.
极低出生体重儿和其他危重新生儿需要长期的血管通路，目前临床上通过中心静脉导管来实现。启动充足的肠外营养和长期静脉用药是其最重要的应用。新生儿中心血管通路与机械性、感染性和血栓性并发症的高风险相关。使用中心静脉导管是新生儿和婴儿发生血栓形成的最常见原因。与导管相关的血栓形成的管理基于专家意见指南，很大程度上取决于患者的症状和对导管的进一步需求。这篇综述文章重点关注新生儿导管血栓形成的病理生理学、诊断以及急性和长期管理。
