Translational Technologies International, Hampstead, Maryland 21074, USA.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2012 Dec;154(6 Suppl):S8-22.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2012.06.006. Epub 2012 Sep 7.
To examine the ability of current surveillance systems to assess and monitor disparities in: (1) vision impairment, (2) eye disease, (3) vision-related functioning, (4) access to vision and eye care, and (5) access to supports and services for those needing vision rehabilitation.
Review of surveillance systems and instruments.
We defined surveys and surveillance systems as data collection systems that used an active survey or data abstraction instrument, regardless of the sampling unit, and excluded strictly administrative data sources. We assessed 8 surveys against key surveillance attributes of representativeness, flexibility, and timeliness, as well as their contribution to establishing a national vision surveillance system.
The key challenges facing a national vision surveillance system are: (1) the lack of consistent outcome data with adequate sample size and coverage to enable identification and tracking of vision health disparities, (2) lack of standardized data elements, and (3) a paucity of data that influence disability such as behavioral and environmental data.
Current systems for assessing and monitoring vision health in the United States are limited and do not provide adequate information to guide interventions and policy decisions. Vision surveillance can help to document the burden of the condition, to identify high-risk populations, to develop strategies to reduce the individual and societal burden, and to guide public health programs and policies. Existing surveillance systems could be enhanced by integrating data and by periodically including patient-reported outcomes measurements including, but not limited to, specific barriers for people with vision impairment and related disabilities.
评估和监测以下方面差距的现有监测系统的能力：（1）视力障碍，（2）眼部疾病，（3）与视力相关的功能，（4）获得视力和眼保健的机会，以及（5）需要视力康复的人的支持和服务的机会。
对监测系统和工具的审查。
我们将调查和监测系统定义为使用主动调查或数据提取工具的数据集，无论采样单位如何，均不包括严格的行政数据源。我们根据代表性、灵活性和及时性的关键监测属性以及它们对建立国家视力监测系统的贡献，对 8 项调查进行了评估。
建立国家视力监测系统面临的主要挑战是：（1）缺乏具有足够样本量和覆盖范围的一致结果数据，无法识别和跟踪视力健康差距，（2）缺乏标准化的数据元素，以及（3）影响残疾的行为和环境数据不足。
目前用于评估和监测美国视力健康的系统有限，无法提供足够的信息来指导干预措施和政策决策。视力监测有助于记录病情的负担，识别高风险人群，制定减少个人和社会负担的策略，并指导公共卫生计划和政策。通过整合数据并定期包括患者报告的结果测量，包括但不限于视力障碍者和相关残疾者的具体障碍，可以增强现有的监测系统。
