Department of Biology and Geology, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2013 Feb;83(2):438-49. doi: 10.1111/1574-6941.12006. Epub 2012 Oct 22.
This study evaluates the ability of two bacterial consortia (C2PL05 and BOS08), extracted from very different environments, to degrade low- (naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene) and high- (pyrene, perylene) molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at high (15-25 °C) and low (5-15 °C) temperature ranges. C2PL05 was isolated from a soil in an area chronically and heavily contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and BOS08 from decomposing wood in an unpolluted forest, free of PAHs. Bacterial consortia were described by cultivable and noncultivable techniques (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis). Fungal DNA was not observed within the wood-decomposing consortium and fungal activity was therefore negligible during most of the PAH degradation process. PAH-degrading bacterial populations, measured by most probable number enumeration, increased during the exponential phase. Toxicity estimated by the Microtox method was reduced to low levels and final PAH depletion, determined by HPLC, confirmed the high degree (54% and 99%, respectively) of low- and high-molecular-weight PAH degradation capacity of the two consortia. PAH-degrading capacity was also confirmed at low temperatures, and especially by consortium BOS08 not previously exposed to those toxic compounds, where strains of Acinetobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., Ralstonia sp. and Microbacterium sp. were identified.
本研究评估了两个细菌群落（C2PL05 和 BOS08）的能力，这两个群落分别从非常不同的环境中提取，可在高温（15-25°C）和低温（5-15°C）范围内降解低分子量（萘、菲、蒽）和高分子量（芘、苝）多环芳烃（PAHs）。C2PL05 是从一个长期且严重受到石油烃污染的土壤中分离出来的，而 BOS08 则是从未受污染的森林中分解的木材中分离出来的，该森林中没有 PAHs。细菌群落通过可培养和不可培养技术（变性梯度凝胶电泳）进行了描述。在木材分解群落中未观察到真菌 DNA，因此在大多数 PAH 降解过程中真菌活性可以忽略不计。通过最可能数计数测量的 PAH 降解细菌种群在指数生长期增加。通过 Microtox 方法估计的毒性降低到低水平，通过 HPLC 确定的最终 PAH 耗尽证实了两个群落分别具有高（54%）和高分子量 PAH 降解能力（99%）。在低温下也证实了 PAH 降解能力，特别是之前未接触过这些有毒化合物的 BOS08 群落，其中鉴定出不动杆菌属、假单胞菌属、罗尔斯通氏菌属和微杆菌属的菌株。
