Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Psychol Health. 2013;28(3):284-301. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2012.720983. Epub 2012 Sep 10.
This study investigated effects of employed and unemployed job status on health outcomes with questionnaires in 50 young couples. Analysis of variance revealed higher pessimism, higher stress levels, and lower life satisfaction in couples in which one partner was unemployed. These couples also exhibited more health risk behaviours compared to couples in which both partners were working. The dyadic analysis of data, using an actor-partner interdependence model, demonstrated strong actor and partner effects for male partner's job status. Being unemployed was significantly associated not only with male partner's life satisfaction but also with the life satisfaction of his female partner. In addition, male partner's pessimism was identified as a significant variable which mediates between male partner's job status and female partner's life satisfaction. The study highlights the relevance of the accomplishment of tasks in the domains of work and partnership during young adulthood and it emphasises the gender specific importance.
本研究采用问卷调查的方式，调查了 50 对年轻夫妇中就业和失业状况对健康结果的影响。方差分析显示，在一方失业的夫妇中，悲观情绪、压力水平更高，生活满意度更低。与双方都工作的夫妇相比，这些夫妇表现出更多的健康风险行为。使用 actor-partner interdependence model（行为者-伙伴相互依赖模型）对数据进行的对偶分析表明，男性伴侣的工作状况对其具有强烈的行为者和伙伴效应。失业不仅与男性伴侣的生活满意度显著相关，还与他女性伴侣的生活满意度显著相关。此外，男性伴侣的悲观情绪被确定为一个重要的中介变量，它在男性伴侣的工作状况和女性伴侣的生活满意度之间起中介作用。该研究强调了在年轻成年期完成工作和伴侣关系领域任务的重要性，并强调了性别特异性的重要性。
