School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Neurourol Urodyn. 2013 Apr;32(4):354-8. doi: 10.1002/nau.22309. Epub 2012 Sep 10.
According to our knowledge, no study has attempted to explore the risk of urinary incontinence (UI) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aimed to examine the relationship between TBI in Taiwanese women and their risk of developing UI.
The study was based on 2,416 female patients newly diagnosed with TBI together with 12,080 matched enrollees without a history of TBI as a comparison group. All patients were tracked for a 1-year period from their index date to identify those who developed subsequent UI. The stratified Cox proportional hazards models were performed to compute the risk of UI between groups.
Of 14,496 patients, 104 (4.30%) from the TBI group and 192 (1.59%) from the comparison group had a diagnosis of UI during the follow-up period. The incidence rate of UI was 4.50 (95% CI: 3.69-5.43) per 100 person-years in patients with TBI and 1.62 (95% CI: 1.40-1.86) per 100 person-years in patients without TBI. The stratified Cox proportional analysis showed that after adjusting for socioeconomic status, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hysterectomy, the increased UI risk of patients with TBI persisted at about the same level as in the unadjusted analysis (hazard ratio = 2.78; 95% CI = 2.16-3.53). In addition, although patients with severe and moderate TBI had higher incidence rates of UI than patients with mild TBI, the difference did not reach a statistically significant level (P = 0.090).
Our results suggest that an increased risk of UI exists at the first year follow-up in patients with a TBI diagnosis.
据我们所知，尚无研究试图探讨创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后尿失禁（UI）的风险。本研究旨在探讨台湾女性 TBI 与 UI 风险之间的关系。
本研究基于 2416 名新诊断为 TBI 的女性患者，以及 12080 名无 TBI 病史的匹配患者作为对照组。所有患者从其指数日期开始被跟踪 1 年，以确定随后发生 UI 的患者。采用分层 Cox 比例风险模型计算两组之间 UI 的风险。
在 14496 名患者中，TBI 组有 104 例（4.30%）和对照组有 192 例（1.59%）在随访期间被诊断为 UI。TBI 患者的 UI 发生率为 4.50（95%CI：3.69-5.43）/100 人年，无 TBI 患者的 UI 发生率为 1.62（95%CI：1.40-1.86）/100 人年。分层 Cox 比例分析显示，在调整了社会经济地位、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病和子宫切除术后，TBI 患者 UI 风险的增加与未调整分析基本一致（风险比=2.78；95%CI：2.16-3.53）。此外，尽管重度和中度 TBI 患者的 UI 发生率高于轻度 TBI 患者，但差异未达到统计学显著水平（P=0.090）。
我们的研究结果表明，TBI 患者在随访的第一年 UI 风险增加。
