Department of Athletics, Eugeniusz Piasecki University School of Physical Education, ul. Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013 Mar;113(3):763-73. doi: 10.1007/s00421-012-2488-4. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
Changes in purine derivatives may be considered as signs of training-induced metabolic adaptations. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a 1-year training cycle on the response of hypoxanthine (Hx) concentration and Hx-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) activity. Three groups of middle-aged male runners were examined: 11 elite master runners (EL; 46.0 ± 3.8 years), 9 amateur runners (AM; 45.1 ± 4.7 years), and 10 recreational runners (RE; 45.9 ± 6.1 years). Plasma Hx concentration and erythrocyte HGPRT activity were measured in three characteristic training phases of the annual cycle. Significant differences in post-exercise Hx concentration and resting HGPRT activity were demonstrated between the EL, AM, and RE groups across consecutive training phases. The EL group showed lowest Hx concentration and highest HGPRT activity compared to the AM and RE groups. Analogous differences were observed between the AM and RE groups during specific preparation. For the EL group, the changes were observed across all examinations and the lowest Hx concentration and highest HGPRT activity were found in the competition phase. Significant change was also revealed in the AM group between the general and specific preparation, but not in the competition phase. No significant changes were found in the RE runners who did not use anaerobic exercise in their training. In conclusion, a long-lasting endurance training, incorporating high-intensity exercise, results in significant changes in purine metabolism, whereas training characterized by constant low-intensity exercise does not. Plasma Hx concentration and erythrocyte HGPRT activity may be sensitive indicators of training adaptation and training status in middle-aged athletes.
嘌呤衍生物的变化可以被视为训练诱导的代谢适应的标志。本研究的目的是评估为期一年的训练周期对次黄嘌呤（Hx）浓度和 Hx-鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖基转移酶（HGPRT）活性反应的影响。检查了三组中年男性跑步者：11 名精英大师跑者（EL；46.0 ± 3.8 岁）、9 名业余跑者（AM；45.1 ± 4.7 岁）和 10 名休闲跑者（RE；45.9 ± 6.1 岁）。在年度周期的三个典型训练阶段测量了血浆 Hx 浓度和红细胞 HGPRT 活性。在连续的训练阶段，EL、AM 和 RE 组之间在运动后 Hx 浓度和静息 HGPRT 活性方面表现出显著差异。与 AM 和 RE 组相比，EL 组显示出最低的 Hx 浓度和最高的 HGPRT 活性。在特定的准备阶段，在 AM 和 RE 组之间也观察到类似的差异。对于 EL 组，变化在所有检查中均可见，在比赛阶段发现 Hx 浓度最低和 HGPRT 活性最高。在一般和特定准备阶段之间，AM 组也显示出显著变化，但在比赛阶段没有。在 RE 跑步者中未发现显著变化，他们在训练中不使用无氧运动。总之，长时间的耐力训练，包括高强度运动，会导致嘌呤代谢发生显著变化，而以恒定低强度运动为特征的训练则不会。血浆 Hx 浓度和红细胞 HGPRT 活性可能是中年运动员训练适应和训练状态的敏感指标。
