Department of Child and Maternal Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China.
PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44881. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044881. Epub 2012 Sep 7.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are among the most complex health problems in the world. Young people are at high risk of HIV and AIDS infections and are, therefore, in need of targeted prevention. School-based HIV/AIDS health education may be an effective way to prevent the spread of AIDS among adolescents.
The study was a school-based intervention conducted in three middle schools and two high schools in Wuhan, China, which included 702 boys and 766 girls, with ages from 11 to 18 years old. The intervention was a one-class education program about HIV/AIDS for participants. HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude, and high-risk behaviors were investigated using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire before and after the education intervention. Chi-square test was used to compare differences before and after the intervention. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors that affect HIV/AIDS knowledge.
Misconceptions about basic medical knowledge and non-transmission modes of HIV/AIDS among all the students prevail. Approximately 10% to 40% of students had negative attitudes about HIV/AIDS before the intervention. After the intervention, all of the students had significant improvements in knowledge and attitude about HIV/AIDS (P<.05), indicating that educational intervention increased the students' knowledge significantly and changed their attitudes positively. Logistic regression analyses indicated that before the intervention the students' level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS was significantly associated with grade, economic status of the family, and attitudes toward participation in HIV/AIDS health information campaigns.
HIV/AIDS education programs were welcomed by secondary students and positively influenced HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes. A systematic and long-term intervention among secondary school students must be conducted for the prevention of HIV.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）是世界上最复杂的健康问题之一。年轻人感染 HIV 和 AIDS 的风险很高，因此需要有针对性的预防。基于学校的艾滋病健康教育可能是预防青少年艾滋病传播的有效途径。
本研究是在中国武汉市三所中学和两所高中开展的基于学校的干预研究，共纳入 702 名男生和 766 名女生，年龄在 11 至 18 岁之间。干预措施是为参与者提供的一节关于 HIV/AIDS 的教育课程。在教育干预前后，采用匿名自填式问卷调查 HIV/AIDS 知识、态度和高危行为。采用卡方检验比较干预前后的差异。采用非条件 logistic 回归分析影响 HIV/AIDS 知识的因素。
所有学生对基本医学知识和 HIV/AIDS 的非传播模式存在误解。大约 10%至 40%的学生在干预前对 HIV/AIDS 持负面态度。干预后，所有学生的 HIV/AIDS 知识和态度均有显著改善（P<.05），表明教育干预显著提高了学生的知识水平，并积极改变了他们的态度。Logistic 回归分析表明，干预前学生对 HIV/AIDS 的知识水平与年级、家庭经济状况和参与 HIV/AIDS 健康信息活动的态度显著相关。
艾滋病教育项目受到中学生的欢迎，并对艾滋病相关知识和态度产生了积极影响。必须对中学生进行系统和长期的干预，以预防艾滋病。
