Mortensen J D, Talbot S, Burkart J A
CardioPulmonics, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah.
Anat Rec. 1990 Jan;226(1):115-24. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092260114.
Cross-sectional internal diameter measurements were made of right and left common carotid and right femoral arteries and right and left internal jugular, superficial femoral, and common femoral veins in 32 normal human subjects utilizing duplex ultrasonography. The relationships of these vessel sizes to the subject's sex, age, height, weight, and body surface area were analyzed statistically; and graphs were constructed, indicating the relationship of blood vessel diameters to the various body size parameters. Findings indicate that 1) for the femoral veins, body surface area had the best correlation with the internal diameter of the vein; 2) for the right internal jugular vein, body weight had the best correlation with the internal diameter of the vein; 3) correlation between vein diameter and body size of the subject is better for the femoral veins than for the internal jugular veins; 4) internal diameter of the femoral and internal jugular veins increases about 20% when they are distended by 15 degrees of positional inclination of the subject's body; 5) neither age nor sex of the subject influences the positional distensibility of the veins examined; 6) the cross-sectional internal diameter of the femoral and internal jugular veins, as determined by duplex ultrasonography, closely relates to the external diameter of these vessels as measured by direct in vivo application of calipers and to the maximum outside diameter of cannula the vessel will accept.
利用双功超声对32名正常人体受试者的左右颈总动脉、右股动脉以及左右颈内静脉、股浅静脉和股总静脉进行横断面内径测量。对这些血管大小与受试者的性别、年龄、身高、体重和体表面积之间的关系进行了统计学分析；并绘制了图表，显示血管直径与各种身体尺寸参数之间的关系。结果表明：1）对于股静脉，体表面积与静脉内径的相关性最佳；2）对于右颈内静脉，体重与静脉内径的相关性最佳；3）股静脉的静脉直径与受试者身体尺寸的相关性优于颈内静脉；4）当受试者身体位置倾斜15度时，股静脉和颈内静脉的内径会增加约20%；5）受试者的年龄和性别均不影响所检查静脉的位置扩张性；6）通过双功超声测定的股静脉和颈内静脉的横断面内径，与通过直接在体内应用卡尺测量的这些血管的外径以及血管所能容纳的插管的最大外径密切相关。
