López Álvarez J M, Pérez Quevedo O, Santana Cabrera L, Escot C Rodríguez, Loro Ferrer J F, Lorenzo T Ramírez, Limiñana Cañal J M
Unit of Intensive Pediatric Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Canarias (Mother and Child University Hospital of Canarias), Las Palmas, Spain.
Service of Intensive Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Canarias (Mother and Child University Hospital of Canarias), Las Palmas, Spain.
J Ultrasound. 2017 Nov 14;20(4):285-292. doi: 10.1007/s40477-017-0272-3. eCollection 2017 Dec.
To estimate, on the basis of anthropometric and demographic variables, the depth (Dp) and diameter (Dm) of femoral and jugular vessels, which have been located and measured by ultrasound, in pediatric patients.
750 measurements of Dp and Dm of the femoral vein (FV), femoral artery (FA) and internal jugular vein (IJV) were made in 125 pediatric patients. The values were correlated with patients' sex, weight, age, size and body surface area (BSA).
Mean Dp values were 0.72 (0.34) cm for FA, 0.79 (0.35) cm for FV and 0.77 (0.24) cm for IJV. Mean antero-posterior Dm values were 0.37 (0.17) cm for FA, 0.42 (0.22) cm for FV and 0.59 (0.23) cm for IJV. In the studied pediatric patients, femoral and jugular vessels depth correlated with age, size, weight and BSA ( = 0.46-0.60); vascular depth could be estimated from patients' weight and size (FA-Dp: = 0.71; FV-Dp: = 0.72; IJV-Dp: = 0.53). Correlation with diameter was better for FA and FV ( = 0.81-0.89) than for IJV ( = 0.42-0.51); vascular diameter could be estimated from patient's size (FA-Dm: = 0.89; FV-Dm: = 0.86; IJV-Dm: = 0.52).
FV, FA and IJV depth and diameter correlated with weight, size, age and body surface area in the studied pediatric patients. Correlation was better for femoral than for jugular vessels. Depth could be estimated from patients' weight and size, while diameter could be estimated from the size. Such estimations may facilitate the choice of vessels to be cannulated, length and diameter of cannulation needles and the diameter of catheters to be used in pediatric patients.
基于人体测量学和人口统计学变量，估算儿科患者经超声定位和测量的股动静脉及颈内静脉的深度（Dp）和直径（Dm）。
对125例儿科患者的股静脉（FV）、股动脉（FA）和颈内静脉（IJV）进行750次Dp和Dm测量。将这些值与患者的性别、体重、年龄、身高和体表面积（BSA）进行相关性分析。
FA的平均Dp值为0.72（0.34）cm，FV为0.79（0.35）cm，IJV为0.77（0.24）cm。FA的前后径平均Dm值为0.37（0.17）cm，FV为0.42（0.22）cm，IJV为0.59（0.23）cm。在所研究的儿科患者中，股动静脉和颈内静脉的深度与年龄、身高、体重和体表面积相关（相关系数=0.46 - 0.60）；血管深度可根据患者体重和身高估算（FA-Dp：相关系数=0.71；FV-Dp：相关系数=0.72；IJV-Dp：相关系数=0.53）。FA和FV直径的相关性（相关系数=0.81 - 0.89）优于IJV（相关系数=0.42 - 0.51）；血管直径可根据患者身高估算（FA-Dm：相关系数=0.89；FV-Dm：相关系数=0.86；IJV-Dm：相关系数=0.52）。
在所研究的儿科患者中，FV、FA和IJV的深度及直径与体重、身高、年龄和体表面积相关。股动静脉的相关性优于颈内静脉。深度可根据患者体重和身高估算，而直径可根据身高估算。这些估算有助于儿科患者血管穿刺部位的选择、穿刺针的长度和直径以及所用导管的直径。
