Lee Kyoung Min, Song Jun Ah
Department of Nursing, DongKang College, Gwangju, Korea.
J Korean Acad Nurs. 2012 Aug;42(4):466-76. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2012.42.4.466.
The purpose of this study was to explore characteristics of eating behavior according to level of functional status of elders with dementia (EWD), and to examine feeding time, change in food intake and body mass index (BMI) according to eating behavior.
Participants were 149 EWD residing in long-term care facilities located in Seoul or Gyeonggi province and evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Exam-Korean version, Korean version-Activities of Daily Living, and Eating Behavior Scale (EBS). Feeding time, change in food intake, and BMI were also measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0, specifically descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Chi-square test.
Participants' mean EBS score was 10.43±6.01 and half of them (54.4%) needed moderate or total assistance while eating. The EBS score was significantly lower for elders with severe dementia compared to those with mild or moderate dementia; and elders with severe ADL dependence compared to those with mild or moderate ADL dependence. Lower EBS scores were related to longer feeding time, a greater the rate of participants with decreased food intake and 'underweight' BMI.
Nursing intervention programs which are designed for EWD are needed to maintain functional eating skills and prevent negative consequences in this population.
本研究旨在探讨痴呆老人（EWD）功能状态水平与饮食行为特征之间的关系，并根据饮食行为研究进食时间、食物摄入量变化和体重指数（BMI）。
研究对象为居住在首尔或京畿道长期护理机构的149名EWD老人，采用韩国版简易精神状态检查表、韩国版日常生活活动能力量表和饮食行为量表（EBS）进行评估。同时测量进食时间、食物摄入量变化和BMI。使用SPSS 17.0对数据进行分析，具体包括描述性统计、方差分析和卡方检验。
参与者的平均EBS评分为10.43±6.01，其中一半（54.4%）在进食时需要中度或完全协助。与轻度或中度痴呆老人相比，重度痴呆老人的EBS评分显著更低；与轻度或中度日常生活活动能力依赖老人相比，重度日常生活活动能力依赖老人的EBS评分显著更低。较低的EBS评分与更长的进食时间、食物摄入量减少的参与者比例更高以及“体重过轻”的BMI相关。
需要为EWD设计护理干预项目，以维持其功能性进食技能并预防该人群出现负面后果。
