Cho Insook, Ahn Sukhee, Kim Souk Young, Park Young Sook, Kim Hae Won, Lee Sun Ok, Lee Sook Hee, Chung Chae Weon
Department of Nursing, Inha University, Incheon, Korea.
J Korean Acad Nurs. 2012 Aug;42(4):496-507. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2012.42.4.496.
This study was based on social-role theory, and purposes were to investigate (1) how depression and health determinants vary with married and employed women, and (2) what factors contribute to depression according to family cycle.
A stratified convenience sample of 765 married and employed women was recruited during May to August 2010. Study variables of depression, socio-demographic threatening factors, psycho-stimulating factors, and social-role related factors were measured via a structured questionnaire.
Prevalence rate for depression was 18.6%, with highest rate (25.4%) from elementary laborers. Greater levels of depression were related to women's occupation, higher life stress, and poorer health; lower social support and vulnerable personality; higher levels of social-role related stress. From multivariate analysis, women with preadolescents were the most vulnerable to depression affected by occupation, life stress, personality, and parenting stress. These factors (except for occupational class) combined with economic status, social support, and housework unfairness were significant for depression in women with adolescents.
Depression among married and employed women differs by psycho-stimulating and social role relevant factors in addition to occupational class and family life cycle. Female elementary laborers and women with children need to have the highest prioritization for community mental health programs.
本研究基于社会角色理论，旨在调查：（1）已婚职业女性的抑郁及健康决定因素如何变化；（2）根据家庭周期，哪些因素会导致抑郁。
2010年5月至8月招募了765名已婚职业女性组成分层便利样本。通过结构化问卷测量抑郁、社会人口统计学威胁因素、心理刺激因素以及社会角色相关因素等研究变量。
抑郁患病率为18.6%，其中体力劳动者患病率最高（25.4%）。较高水平的抑郁与女性职业、较高的生活压力和较差的健康状况相关；社会支持较低和性格脆弱；较高水平的社会角色相关压力。多因素分析显示，有青春期前子女的女性最易受职业、生活压力、性格和育儿压力影响而患抑郁症。这些因素（职业阶层除外）与经济状况、社会支持和家务不公平性相结合，对有青少年子女的女性患抑郁症具有显著影响。
已婚职业女性的抑郁除职业阶层和家庭生命周期外，还因心理刺激和社会角色相关因素而有所不同。女性体力劳动者和有子女的女性应成为社区心理健康项目最优先关注的对象。
