Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, the Netherlands NIVEL - Netherlands institute for health services research, Utrecht, the Netherlands NIVEL, Utrecht, the Netherlands Governor Kremers Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands Department of Clinical Genetics, University Maastricht/Academic Hospital, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2013 Nov;57(11):1068-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01607.x. Epub 2012 Sep 14.
The population of ageing people with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities (ID) is growing rapidly. This study examines how personal resources (physical health, mental health and social networks) impact the well-being of ageing people with ID.
Longitudinal survey data on 667 people with a mild or moderate ID were acquired via interviews in 2006 and 2010. Indicators of personal resources (physical health, mental health and social networks) were assessed, as were indicators of well-being (satisfaction with life, happiness and loneliness). Additionally, data on background characteristics and autonomy were gathered.
The results show that age is positively related to decreased mobility and auditory disabilities and negatively related to independent living, autonomy in how one spends one's leisure time and autonomy in decision-making. Longitudinal analyses demonstrated that, with the exception of health that deteriorated, and social satisfaction that improved, almost all variables remained stable over the 4-year period. Further, good physical health in 2006 predicted happiness in 2010.
Despite the fact that age is associated with poorer physical and mental health and a smaller social network, this study showed that older people with ID have relatively high levels of well-being. Findings are discussed in the light of coping with ageing and impact of life events.
轻度和中度智力障碍（ID）人群的老龄化人口正在迅速增加。本研究考察了个人资源（身体健康、心理健康和社交网络）如何影响 ID 老龄化人群的幸福感。
通过 2006 年和 2010 年的访谈，获得了 667 名轻度或中度 ID 人群的纵向调查数据。评估了个人资源（身体健康、心理健康和社交网络）的指标，以及幸福感（生活满意度、幸福感和孤独感）的指标。此外，还收集了背景特征和自主性的数据。
结果表明，年龄与行动不便和听力障碍呈正相关，与独立生活、如何支配闲暇时间的自主性和决策自主性呈负相关。纵向分析表明，除了健康状况恶化和社会满意度提高外，几乎所有变量在 4 年内都保持稳定。此外，2006 年良好的身体健康状况预测了 2010 年的幸福感。
尽管年龄与较差的身心健康和较小的社交网络有关，但本研究表明，智力障碍的老年人幸福感相对较高。研究结果在应对老龄化和生活事件的影响方面进行了讨论。
