Alcedo María Ángeles, Fontanil Yolanda, Solís Patricia, Pedrosa Ignacio, Aguado Antonio L
Universidad de Oviedo, Spain.
Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2017 Jan-Apr;17(1):38-45. doi: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2016.07.002. Epub 2016 Oct 13.
Ageing and progressive increase in life expectancy in people with intellectual disability present significant challenges. The present study is to examine the needs that arise in the aging process of this population. To detect these needs is fundamental to ensure personal wellbeing; almost no psychometrically sound instruments have been developed. A structured interview was developed and evaluated by a panel of 20 experts to obtain evidence of content validity. The interview was then applied to 1,173 people with intellectual disability. The ages ranged from 35 to 80 ( = 52.27; = 7.5). The interview consisted of 93 items evaluating four areas: perceived needs, personal problems, future perspectives, and solutions required. The results demonstrated the proximity and relationship of the various needs evaluated. In addition it was observed that those with intellectual disability who were older, male and users of residential services tended to indicate more needs, problems, and required more solutions. The instrument has adequate evidence of validity, allowing the evaluation of specific needs of people with intellectual disability. The results advocate the design of transversal intervention policies in order to effectively meet the needs and requirements of this population.
智力残疾人群的老龄化以及预期寿命的不断延长带来了重大挑战。本研究旨在探讨该人群老龄化过程中出现的需求。发现这些需求对于确保个人幸福至关重要；然而，几乎没有开发出心理测量学上可靠的工具。我们开发了一份结构化访谈，并由20位专家组成的小组进行评估，以获取内容效度的证据。然后，该访谈应用于1173名智力残疾者。年龄范围为35至80岁（平均年龄 = 52.27；标准差 = 7.5）。该访谈由93个项目组成，评估四个领域：感知到的需求、个人问题、未来展望以及所需解决方案。结果表明了所评估的各种需求之间的接近程度和关系。此外，还观察到年龄较大、男性且居住在机构中的智力残疾者往往表示有更多需求、问题，并且需要更多解决方案。该工具具有充分的效度证据，能够评估智力残疾者的特定需求。研究结果主张设计横向干预政策，以便有效满足该人群的需求和要求。
