CIRAD, UPR Recyclage et risque, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
Waste Manag. 2013 Jan;33(1):184-92. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2012.07.021. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
The benefits of using organic waste as fertilizer and soil amendment should be assessed together with the environmental impacts due to the possible presence of heavy metals (HMs). This study involved analysing major element and HM contents in raw and size-fractionated organic wastes (17 sewage sludges and composts) from developed and developing countries. The overall HM concentration pattern showed an asymmetric distribution due to the presence of some wastes with extremely high concentrations. HM concentrations were correlated with the size of cities or farms where the wastes had been produced, and HM were differentiated with respect to their origins (geogenic: Cr-Ni; anthropogenic agricultural and urban: Cu-Zn; anthropogenic urban: Cd-Pb). Size fractionation highlighted Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb accumulation in fine size fractions, while Cr and Ni were accumulated in the coarsest. HM associations with major elements revealed inorganic (Al, Fe, etc.) bearing phases for Cr and Ni, and sulfur or phosphorus species for Cd, Cu Pb and Zn.
利用有机废物作为肥料和土壤改良剂的好处应与由于可能存在重金属（HM）而产生的环境影响一起评估。本研究涉及分析来自发达国家和发展中国家的原始和分级有机废物（17 种污水污泥和堆肥）中的主要元素和 HM 含量。由于某些废物的浓度极高，整体 HM 浓度模式呈不对称分布。HM 浓度与产生废物的城市或农场的规模有关，并且根据其来源对 HM 进行了区分（地质成因：Cr-Ni；人为农业和城市：Cu-Zn；人为城市：Cd-Pb）。分级分离突出了 Cd、Cu、Zn 和 Pb 在细粒级中的积累，而 Cr 和 Ni 则在最粗粒级中积累。HM 与主要元素的关联揭示了 Cr 和 Ni 的含无机（Al、Fe 等）相，以及 Cd、Cu、Pb 和 Zn 的硫或磷物种。
