Dept of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
J Phys Act Health. 2013 May;10(4):607-13. doi: 10.1123/jpah.10.4.607. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
Predictive modeling for physical activity behavior has included many different psychological components, including planning, motivation, personality, and self-efficacy. However, habit formation in exercise maintenance has not been well explored and lacks reliable measurement tools. The current study explores novel survey questions that examine behavioral components of exercise habit, including frequency, environmental cuing, and temporal constancy of behavior. We then relate these concepts to an established psychological measure of habit, the Self-Report Habit Inventory (SRHI).
One hundred and seventy-four exercisers were surveyed at 2 private fitness clubs. A single questionnaire was administered that included the SRHI and the novel behavioral questions developed from habit formation concepts.
Habit formation was reported by many of the exercisers. Participants scoring higher on the SRHI also reported higher frequency of physical activity and a higher probability of environmental cuing. Exercise frequency did not correlate well with environmental cuing.
Habit formation appears relevant to the physical activity patterns of many regular exercisers. However, wide variation in response styles was evident suggesting further development and exploration of the novel questionnaire is warranted. The ultimate goals are to include habit in predictive models of physical activity, and then to inform interventions to increase exercise adherence.
预测模型的物理活动行为包括许多不同的心理成分，包括规划、动机、个性和自我效能。然而，运动维持中的习惯形成还没有得到很好的探索，也缺乏可靠的测量工具。本研究探讨了新颖的调查问题，这些问题考察了运动习惯的行为成分，包括频率、环境提示和行为的时间恒定性。然后，我们将这些概念与习惯的既定心理测量工具——自我报告习惯量表（SRHI）联系起来。
在 2 家私人健身俱乐部对 174 名锻炼者进行了调查。参与者接受了一份包含 SRHI 和从习惯形成概念中发展出来的新颖行为问题的单一问卷。
许多锻炼者报告了习惯的形成。在 SRHI 上得分较高的参与者也报告了更高的身体活动频率和更高的环境提示可能性。运动频率与环境提示相关性不强。
习惯的形成似乎与许多经常锻炼者的身体活动模式有关。然而，反应模式的广泛差异明显表明，有必要进一步开发和探索新的问卷。最终目标是将习惯纳入身体活动的预测模型中，然后为增加锻炼依从性的干预措施提供信息。
