Department of Geriatrics, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Pamplona, Spain.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013 Jan;14(1):10-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2012.08.001. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
Much interest has been focused on nutritional treatment of sarcopenia, loss of muscle mass and performance associated to aging; however, its benefits are unclear.
To analyze the relevance of nutritional treatment of sarcopenia and assess the effects of supplementation on muscle mass and function within the aged population.
We searched Medline and the Cochrane Library for controlled trials published between 1991 and 2012. We have assessed the quality, type of intervention, the cohort used, the way muscle mass was measured, and the outcomes of the various studies.
We have included 17 studies, with a total of 1287 patients, aged between 65 and 85 on average. An improvement in muscle mass was proven, whether measured with bioelectrical impedance analysis or dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and an improvement in strength was also proven.
Nutritional supplementation is effective in the treatment of sarcopenia in old age, and its positive effects increase when associated with physical exercise. The main limitation of this treatment is lack of long-term adherence. A healthy diet associated with a physically active lifestyle and possibly with aerobic exercise are the basis of healthy aging, which is the aim of all doctors treating aged people must seek.
人们对与衰老相关的肌肉质量和功能下降的肌肉减少症的营养治疗非常感兴趣；然而，其益处尚不清楚。
分析营养治疗肌肉减少症的相关性，并评估补充剂对老年人群肌肉质量和功能的影响。
我们检索了 Medline 和 Cochrane 图书馆自 1991 年至 2012 年发表的对照试验。我们评估了质量、干预类型、使用的队列、肌肉质量的测量方式以及各项研究的结果。
我们纳入了 17 项研究，共有 1287 名年龄在 65 至 85 岁之间的患者。无论使用生物电阻抗分析还是双能 X 射线吸收法，均证明肌肉质量得到改善，力量也得到改善。
营养补充剂对老年肌肉减少症的治疗有效，当与身体运动结合使用时，其积极作用会增加。这种治疗的主要局限性是缺乏长期坚持。健康饮食结合积极的生活方式，可能还有有氧运动，是健康老龄化的基础，这是所有治疗老年人的医生都必须追求的目标。
