Amini Nadjia, Devriendt Anouk, Lapauw Laurence, Dupont Jolan, Vercauteren Laura, Verbeke Kristin, Verschueren Sabine, Tournoy Jos, Gielen Evelien
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Herestraat 49 bus 7003, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Faculty of Medicine, Herestraat 49, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2025 Mar;29(3):100474. doi: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100474. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
Adequate protein intake and protein supplementation has a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. The achievement and quantification of the recommended total protein intake by sarcopenic older adults receiving protein supplementation has not been studied. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of protein intake estimated from a combination of four-day food diaries and weighed protein powders against total protein intake estimated from 24-h urine samples.
Longitudinal data analysis of the ongoing Exercise and Nutrition for Healthy AgeiNg (ENHANce) study.
This study included community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years) diagnosed with sarcopenia (EWGSOP2-criteria).
The amount of protein/placebo supplement was individualized to achieve a mean total protein intake of 1.5 g/kg BW/day. Total protein intake in participants was determined by a combination of weighed protein powders and four-day food diaries and by nitrogen-excretion in 24-h urine samples at eight different timepoints during the intervention. Mean differences and Lin's concordance correlation coefficients were used to assess agreement between the two methods.
After 12 weeks, nitrogen analysis showed that the mean total protein intake was 1.31 g/kg BW in the protein powder group (n = 33) and 0.86 g/kg BW in the placebo group (n = 17). Mean protein intake according to the combination of food diaries and weighed powders (87.0 g/day) was overestimated by 7.7 g/day compared to the method using 24-h urine samples (79.3 g/day). Correlation between protein intake derived from the combined method and 24-h urine samples varied between 0.244-0.565 and 0.382-0.641 in the placebo group and protein group, respectively.
Both the 24-h urine samples and combined food diaries with weighed protein powders demonstrated that protein supplementation increased protein intake to meet the daily recommended amount of protein intake for older adults (1.0-1.2 g/kg BW), but not that for sarcopenic older adults (1.5 g/kg BW). While a fair to moderately strong correlation was observed between the methods, there was significant variability in the protein intake estimates. Additional research is needed to assess the accuracy of other potential techniques in determining protein intake in an older population. The ENHANce study was registered on ClinicalTrails.gov (NCT03649698).
充足的蛋白质摄入和蛋白质补充在肌肉减少症的预防和治疗中具有有益作用。接受蛋白质补充的肌肉减少症老年人实现并量化推荐的总蛋白质摄入量的情况尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是比较通过四天食物日记和称重蛋白粉组合估算的蛋白质摄入量与通过24小时尿液样本估算的总蛋白质摄入量的准确性。
对正在进行的健康老龄化运动与营养（ENHANce）研究进行纵向数据分析。
本研究纳入了年龄≥65岁、被诊断为肌肉减少症（EWGSOP2标准）的社区居住老年人。
蛋白质/安慰剂补充剂的量根据个体情况进行调整，以实现平均总蛋白质摄入量为1.5 g/kg体重/天。在干预期间的八个不同时间点，通过称重蛋白粉和四天食物日记以及24小时尿液样本中的氮排泄量来确定参与者的总蛋白质摄入量。使用平均差异和林氏一致性相关系数来评估两种方法之间的一致性。
12周后，氮分析显示蛋白粉组（n = 33）的平均总蛋白质摄入量为1.31 g/kg体重，安慰剂组（n = 17）为0.86 g/kg体重。与使用24小时尿液样本的方法（79.3 g/天）相比，根据食物日记和称重蛋白粉组合得出的平均蛋白质摄入量（87.0 g/天）高估了7.7 g/天。在安慰剂组和蛋白质组中，联合方法得出的蛋白质摄入量与24小时尿液样本之间的相关性分别在0.244 - 0.565和0.382 - 0.641之间。
24小时尿液样本以及食物日记与称重蛋白粉的组合均表明，蛋白质补充增加了蛋白质摄入量，达到了老年人每日推荐的蛋白质摄入量（1.0 - 1.2 g/kg体重），但未达到肌肉减少症老年人的推荐量（1.5 g/kg体重）。虽然两种方法之间观察到了中等强度的相关性，但蛋白质摄入量估计值存在显著差异。需要进一步研究以评估其他潜在技术在确定老年人群蛋白质摄入量方面的准确性。ENHANce研究已在ClinicalTrails.gov（NCT03649698）上注册。
