Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2013 Feb;13(1):128-33. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2012.08.004. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
On the basis of a large body of experimental data the notion that glaucoma damages retinal ganglion cells and central areas of the visual system has been put forward. The mechanisms underlying glaucomatous involvement of the central areas are not known: the most likely hypothesis is that this event is the result of an anterograde transynaptic neurodegeneration triggered by ganglion cells' death. However, it is possible that in some cases it may be the consequence of a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. In any event, novel mechanisms leading to cell demise might be implicated. The development of powerful neuroimaging techniques in conjunction with sophisticated analysis has recently provided compelling support to the involvement of central stations of the visual pathway in patients suffering of glaucoma. Diffusion Tensor-MRI allows the central damage associated with glaucoma to be assessed and therapeutic efficacy of novel neuroprotective interventions to be quantified.
基于大量的实验数据，提出了青光眼损伤视网膜神经节细胞和视觉系统中枢区域的观点。导致青光眼涉及中枢区域的机制尚不清楚：最有可能的假设是，这种情况是由神经节细胞死亡引发的顺行性跨突触神经退行性变所致。然而，在某些情况下，它可能是中枢神经系统退行性疾病的结果。无论如何，可能涉及导致细胞死亡的新机制。最近，强大的神经影像学技术的发展与复杂的分析相结合，为青光眼患者视觉通路中枢站的受累提供了有力的支持。弥散张量磁共振成像（DTI）可以评估青光眼相关的中枢损伤，并量化新型神经保护干预措施的治疗效果。
