Department of Environmental Protection, CSIC, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2013 Jun;24(3):451-6. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.08.011. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
The exposure of bacteria to pollutants induces frequently chemoattraction or chemorepellent reactions. Recent research suggests that the capacity to degrade a toxic compound has co-evolved in some bacteria with the capacity to chemotactically react to it. There is an increasing amount of data which show that chemoattraction to biodegradable pollutants increases their bioavailability which translates into an enhancement of the biodegradation rate. Pollutant chemoreceptors so far identified are encoded on degradation or resistance plasmids. Genetic engineering of bacteria, such as the transfer of chemoreceptor genes, offers thus the possibility to optimize biodegradation processes.
细菌暴露于污染物中通常会引起趋化吸引或趋化排斥反应。最近的研究表明，某些细菌在能够对有毒化合物进行趋化反应的同时，也进化出了降解该化合物的能力。越来越多的数据表明，对可生物降解污染物的趋化吸引会增加其生物利用度，从而提高生物降解速率。迄今为止，已鉴定出的趋化污染物受体是在降解或抗性质粒上编码的。通过基因工程对细菌进行改造，例如转移趋化受体基因，为优化生物降解过程提供了可能。
