Department of Child Development and Education, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Neurosci Lett. 2012 Oct 18;528(1):31-5. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.08.058. Epub 2012 Sep 7.
Dyslexia is heritable and associated with auditory processing deficits. We investigate whether temporal auditory processing is compromised in young children at-risk for dyslexia and whether it is associated with later language and reading skills. We recorded EEG from 17 months-old children with or without familial risk for dyslexia to investigate whether their auditory system was able to detect a temporal change in a tone pattern. The children were followed longitudinally and performed an intelligence- and language development test at ages 4 and 4.5 years. Literacy related skills were measured at the beginning of second grade, and word- and pseudo-word reading fluency were measured at the end of second grade. The EEG responses showed that control children could detect the temporal change as indicated by a mismatch response (MMR). The MMR was not observed in at-risk children. Furthermore, the fronto-central MMR amplitude correlated with preliterate language comprehension and with later word reading fluency, but not with phonological awareness. We conclude that temporal auditory processing differentiates young children at risk for dyslexia from controls and is a precursor of preliterate language comprehension and reading fluency.
阅读障碍具有遗传性，并与听觉处理缺陷有关。我们研究了在有阅读障碍家族风险的幼儿中，其时间听觉处理是否受损，以及它是否与后来的语言和阅读技能有关。我们记录了 17 个月大的儿童的脑电图，这些儿童有或没有阅读障碍的家族风险，以调查他们的听觉系统是否能够检测到音调模式的时间变化。这些儿童进行了纵向随访，并在 4 岁和 4.5 岁时进行了智力和语言发展测试。在二年级开始时测量与读写能力相关的技能，在二年级结束时测量单词和假词阅读流利度。脑电图反应表明，对照组的儿童可以检测到时间变化，表现为失配响应（MMR）。而在有风险的儿童中则没有观察到 MMR。此外，额中央 MMR 振幅与前语言理解以及后来的单词阅读流利度相关，但与语音意识无关。我们的结论是，时间听觉处理可以区分有阅读障碍风险的幼儿和对照组，并可作为前语言理解和阅读流利度的前兆。
