School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Australia.
Infant Behav Dev. 2012 Dec;35(4):678-88. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2012.07.009. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
There is a lack of research investigating parental self-efficacy in parents of infants born preterm as well as a paucity of parental self-efficacy measures that are domain-specific and theoretically grounded. This study aimed to compare parental self-efficacy in parents of infants born term, preterm and very preterm as well as to test whether parental self-efficacy mediates the relationship between psychological symptoms and parental competence. In order to achieve this, a new measure of parental self-efficacy and parental competence relevant for the preterm population and consistent with Bandura's (1977, 1986, 1989) conceptualisation of self-efficacy was developed. Participants included 155 parents, 83 of whom were parents of very preterm (GA<32 weeks), 40 parents of preterm (GA<37 weeks) and 32 parents of term born infants. Parents completed the Preterm Parenting & Self-Efficacy Checklist (the new measure), Family Demographic Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. This initial study indicates that the Preterm Parenting & Self-Efficacy Checklist has adequate content validity, construct validity, internal consistency and split half reliability. Contrary to expectations, parents of very preterm infants did not report significantly lower overall levels of parental self-efficacy or significantly higher levels of psychological symptoms compared to parents of preterm and term infants. Parental self-efficacy about parenting tasks mediated the relationship between psychological symptoms and self perceived parental competence as predicted. Clinical implications of the results and suggestions for future research are discussed.
目前针对足月产婴儿和早产婴儿父母的亲职自我效能的研究还比较缺乏，也缺乏特定领域和基于理论的亲职自我效能测量方法。本研究旨在比较足月产婴儿、早产婴儿和极早产婴儿父母的亲职自我效能，并检验亲职自我效能是否在心理症状和父母能力之间起中介作用。为实现这一目标，我们开发了一种新的与早产儿群体相关的亲职自我效能和父母能力的测量方法，该方法与班杜拉（1977、1986、1989）的自我效能概念一致。参与者包括 155 名父母，其中 83 名是极早产儿（GA<32 周）的父母，40 名是早产儿（GA<37 周）的父母，32 名是足月产婴儿的父母。父母们完成了《早产儿育儿和自我效能检查表》（新的测量工具）、家庭人口统计问卷、抑郁焦虑压力量表和自我效能问卷。这项初步研究表明，《早产儿育儿和自我效能检查表》具有足够的内容效度、结构效度、内部一致性和分半信度。与预期相反，极早产儿的父母自我报告的亲职自我效能水平并没有显著低于早产儿和足月产婴儿的父母，心理症状水平也没有显著更高。正如预测的那样，育儿任务的亲职自我效能在心理症状和自我感知父母能力之间起中介作用。讨论了研究结果的临床意义和对未来研究的建议。
