Larkin H
Hospitals. 1990 Feb 5;64(3):56-8.
HMOs and PPOs have been financial losers for many hospitals. In fact, problems controlling costs have driven many hospitals to sell or close HMOs and PPOs that they started to channel new business their way. But for those hospitals that invested the time and money needed to manage physician and ambulatory care networks, vertical integration of managed care is paying off.
健康维护组织（HMOs）和优先提供者组织（PPOs）对许多医院来说在财务上都是亏损的。事实上，控制成本的问题促使许多医院出售或关闭了它们为引导新业务而设立的健康维护组织和优先提供者组织。但对于那些投入了管理医生和门诊护理网络所需时间和资金的医院来说，管理式医疗的垂直整合正在取得成效。
