Ali Hussen, Zeynudin Ahmed, Mekonnen Abiyu, Abera Solomon, Ali Solomon
Jimma University, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Pathology.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2012 Mar;22(1):71-6.
World Health organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis as a global emergency because it poses a serious public health threat in different countries especially, in Africa. According to WHO report of 2007, Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS) coverage in Ethiopia reached 95 percent of the population; despite this fact the trend of tuberculosis in most of the districts of Ethiopia is not known. Hence, this study has revealed the trend and determined the overall prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in five years (2005/6-2009/10) in Agaro teaching health center, south west Ethiopia.
A retrospective study based on record review was conducted at Agaro Teaching Health center on sputum examination record of patient's from 2005/6-2009/10(five years). Socio demographic data and sputum laboratory results were collected using pre-designed questionnaire and the data was entered into a computer using SPSS version 16 for windows. Finally, cross tab analysis and Chi-square was calculated at P-value less than 0.05 to check possible association between socio-demographic variables and smear positivity.
The overall five years prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis was found out to be 10.9%. On the other hand, the percentage of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases showed gradual decrease from 19.5% in 2005/6 to 5.8% cases in 2009/10.
Tuberculosis is still the major problem of Agaro health center catchment area even though there is a decrease in trend from year to year. Hence, the respective health bureau and other stake holders should still need to strengthen their effort to control it.
世界卫生组织（WHO）宣布结核病为全球紧急情况，因为它在不同国家，尤其是非洲，对公共卫生构成严重威胁。根据WHO 2007年的报告，埃塞俄比亚的直接观察短程治疗（DOTS）覆盖率达到了95%的人口；尽管如此，埃塞俄比亚大多数地区的结核病趋势仍不为人所知。因此，本研究揭示了埃塞俄比亚西南部阿加罗教学健康中心五年（2005/6 - 2009/10）期间涂片阳性肺结核的趋势，并确定了其总体患病率。
在阿加罗教学健康中心对2005/6 - 2009/10年（五年）患者的痰检记录进行回顾性研究。使用预先设计的问卷收集社会人口统计学数据和痰检实验室结果，并使用适用于Windows的SPSS 16版将数据录入计算机。最后，进行交叉表分析并计算P值小于0.05的卡方检验，以检查社会人口统计学变量与涂片阳性之间的可能关联。
发现涂片阳性肺结核的五年总体患病率为10.9%。另一方面，涂片阳性肺结核病例的百分比从2005/6年的19.5%逐渐下降到2009/10年的5.8%。
尽管结核病逐年呈下降趋势，但它仍然是阿加罗健康中心服务区域的主要问题。因此，各卫生局和其他利益相关者仍需加强努力来控制它。
