Sanders Richard D, Gillig Paulette Marie
Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
Innov Clin Neurosci. 2012 Jul;9(7-8):10-6.
Extrapyramidal signs include increased motor tone, changes in the amount and velocity of movement, and involuntary motor activity. They include two groups of signs and related disorders: hypokinetic (similar to Parkinson's disease) and hyperkinetic (similar to Huntington's disease). This article covers some of the neuroscience behind extrapyramidal disorders, the relevance of extrapyramidal signs in the major psychiatric disorders, the major extrapyramidal movement disorders, and how to elicit extrapyramidal signs.
锥体外系体征包括肌张力增加、运动数量和速度的改变以及不自主运动。它们包括两组体征及相关病症：运动减少型（类似于帕金森病）和运动增多型（类似于亨廷顿病）。本文涵盖了锥体外系疾病背后的一些神经科学知识、锥体外系体征在主要精神疾病中的相关性、主要的锥体外系运动障碍以及如何引出锥体外系体征。
