J Pers Disord. 2014 Apr;28(2):281-318. doi: 10.1521/pedi_2012_26_059. Epub 2012 Sep 17.
Researchers have proposed replacing the current system for diagnosing personality disorders with a dimensional trait model. Proposed trait models have been derived primarily from data provided by untrained lay informants (often via self-report questionnaires) using item sets derived from lay conceptions of personality. An alternative is to derive personality trait dimensions from data provided by clinically expert informants using an instrument that includes personality features salient to clinicians who treat personality dysfunction. The authors report the factor structure of the latest edition of the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP-II) using a normative clinical sample of 1,201 North American patients assessed by experienced psychologists and psychiatrists. Factor analysis identified 14 clinically and empirically coherent factors. The findings highlight dimensions of personality and personality pathology that have not emerged in personality item sets designed for lay personality description.
研究人员提出用多维特质模型取代目前的人格障碍诊断系统。所提出的特质模型主要来源于未经训练的非专业人士（通常通过自我报告问卷）提供的数据，这些数据使用的项目集来源于人们对人格的概念化。另一种方法是从临床专家提供的数据中提取人格特质维度，使用一种工具，其中包括对治疗人格障碍的临床医生有重要意义的人格特征。作者报告了使用 Shedler-Westen 评估程序（SWAP-II）的最新版本的因素结构，该程序使用了由经验丰富的心理学家和精神科医生评估的 1201 名北美患者的规范临床样本。因素分析确定了 14 个具有临床和经验一致性的因素。这些发现突出了人格特质和人格病理的维度，这些维度在为非专业人士描述人格而设计的人格项目集中没有出现。
