Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology.
Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University.
Personal Disord. 2018 May;9(3):250-262. doi: 10.1037/per0000260. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
The main aim of this study was to examine the relationship between therapists' emotional responses and patients' personality evaluated by 3 dimensional diagnostic approaches empirically derived from the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure-200 (SWAP-200; Westen & Shedler, 1999a, 1999b): Two of these rely on the 5-factor model (FFM) domains, that were assessed with different SWAP-200 FFM versions developed by Shedler and Westen (SW-FFM scales; 2004) and McCrae, Löckenhoff, and Costa (MLC-FFM scales; 2005); the third approach is based on a multifaceted model of personality syndromes (SWAP personality dimension scales; see Shedler & Westen, 2004). A national sample of psychiatrists and psychologists (N = 166) of various theoretical orientations completed the Therapist Response Questionnaire (TRQ; Zittel Conklin & Westen, 2003) to identify patterns of therapist response, and the SWAP-200 to assess personality regarding a patient currently in their care. The findings showed good levels of construct validity between the SW-FFM and MLC-FFM scales, with the exception of the Openness trait. Moreover, specific SW-FFM and MLC-FFM scales were significantly associated with distinct SWAP personality dimension scales according in a conceptually meaningful nomological network. Although there were significant, theoretically coherent, and systematic relationships between therapists' responses and patients' personality features, overall the contribution of the SW-FFM and MLC-FFM traits in predicting therapists' responses was less sizable than the SWAP personality dimensions. These results seem to confirm the diagnostic and therapeutic value of countertransference as an essential tool in understanding psychological traits/dimensions that underlie the patients' psychopathology, both from within and outside of the FFM. (PsycINFO Database Record
这项研究的主要目的是通过 Shedler-Westen 评估程序-200（SWAP-200；Westen & Shedler，1999a，1999b）经验性得出的三维诊断方法，实证考察治疗师的情绪反应与患者人格之间的关系：其中两种方法依赖于五因素模型（FFM）领域，这些领域是由 Shedler 和 Westen 开发的不同 SWAP-200 FFM 版本（SW-FFM 量表；2004 年）和 McCrae、Löckenhoff 和 Costa（MLC-FFM 量表；2005 年）评估的；第三种方法基于人格综合征的多层面模型（SWAP 人格维度量表；见 Shedler & Westen，2004 年）。来自不同理论取向的全国性样本的精神科医生和心理学家（N=166）完成了治疗师反应问卷（TRQ；Zittel Conklin & Westen，2003 年），以确定治疗师反应模式，并使用 SWAP-200 评估当前治疗患者的人格。研究结果表明，SW-FFM 和 MLC-FFM 量表之间具有良好的结构效度，除了开放性特质外。此外，根据概念上有意义的关联网络，特定的 SW-FFM 和 MLC-FFM 量表与独特的 SWAP 人格维度量表显著相关。尽管治疗师的反应与患者的人格特征之间存在显著的、理论上一致的、系统的关系，但总的来说，SW-FFM 和 MLC-FFM 特质在预测治疗师反应方面的贡献小于 SWAP 人格维度。这些结果似乎证实了反移情的诊断和治疗价值，作为理解患者心理病理学背后的心理特征/维度的重要工具，无论是在 FFM 内部还是外部。
