Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University Szczecin, Poland.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Jan 10;40:229-35. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.09.001. Epub 2012 Sep 15.
Although the addictive potential of benzodiazepine drugs has been known for a long time, new cases of benzodiazepine addictions keep emerging in clinical practice. The etiology of benzodiazepine addiction seems to be multifactorial. The objective of this study was to investigate and measure psychological and situational factors differentiating benzodiazepine addicts from not addicted users.
A psychological profile and situational factors of patients with the diagnosis of benzodiazepine addiction and a carefully matched control group of not addicted former benzodiazepine users were defined and investigated.
The investigated benzodiazepine addicts differed significantly from the control group in particular psychological dimensions, such as higher neuroticism and introversion, prevalence of emotional rather than task based coping mechanisms. There were also significant correlations between the addiction and situational factors such as BZD - treatment circumstances and adverse life events previous to the treatment.
The results show psychological and situational factors which differentiate benzodiazepine addicts from not addicted benzodiazepine users. This data suggest that benzodiazepine addiction might be associated with higher neuroticism, introversion and less effective coping mechanisms as well as with previous accumulation of adverse life events and/or inadequate BZD treatment. The psychological and situational factors mentioned above might be considered as potential risk factors for benzodiazepine addiction.
尽管苯二氮䓬类药物的成瘾潜力早已为人所知，但在临床实践中仍不断出现新的苯二氮䓬类药物成瘾病例。苯二氮䓬类药物成瘾的病因似乎是多因素的。本研究的目的是调查和测量区分苯二氮䓬类药物成瘾者和非成瘾使用者的心理和情境因素。
定义和调查了被诊断为苯二氮䓬类药物成瘾的患者和精心匹配的非成瘾前苯二氮䓬类药物使用者的心理特征和情境因素。
与对照组相比，所调查的苯二氮䓬类药物成瘾者在特定的心理维度上存在显著差异，例如更高的神经质和内向性，情绪应对机制比任务应对机制更为普遍。成瘾与情境因素之间也存在显著相关性，例如 BZD 治疗环境和治疗前的不良生活事件。
结果表明，区分苯二氮䓬类药物成瘾者和非成瘾苯二氮䓬类药物使用者的心理和情境因素。这些数据表明，苯二氮䓬类药物成瘾可能与更高的神经质、内向性和更无效的应对机制以及先前积累的不良生活事件和/或不充分的 BZD 治疗有关。上述心理和情境因素可被视为苯二氮䓬类药物成瘾的潜在危险因素。
