Batra Prerna, Saha Abhijeet, Faridi Moonis Mohammed Akbar
Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and Associated Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India.
J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2012 Jul;5(3):246-9. doi: 10.4103/0974-2700.99699.
Accurate measurement of temperature is important for detection of fever and hypothermia in pediatric patients. Ideal temperature-measurement technique should be safe, easy, noninvasive, cost effective, time efficient, and should precisely reflect core body temperature. Pulmonary artery is the closest to hypothalamus and best reflects the core temperature. Other sites used are distal esophagus, urinary bladder and nasopharynx. All these methods are invasive and difficult to use in clinical practice. Amongst the noninvasive methods, rectal thermometry is considered to be the closest to core temperature, but it has its own drawbacks. With the current evidence available, tympanic artery thermometry for children more than 2 years of age and temporal artery thermometry in all age groups are taking precedence over other methods.
准确测量体温对于检测儿科患者的发热和体温过低至关重要。理想的体温测量技术应安全、简便、无创、经济高效、省时，并且应精确反映核心体温。肺动脉最接近下丘脑，能最好地反映核心体温。其他使用的部位有食管远端、膀胱和鼻咽部。所有这些方法都是侵入性的，在临床实践中难以使用。在无创方法中，直肠测温被认为最接近核心体温，但它有自身的缺点。根据目前可得的证据，两岁以上儿童的鼓膜动脉测温以及各年龄组的颞动脉测温比其他方法更具优势。
