Pavlović Momcilo, Radlović Nedeljko, Leković Zoran, Berenji Karolina
Decje odeljenje, Opsta bolnica Subotica.
Med Pregl. 2008 Nov-Dec;61(11-12):615-9. doi: 10.2298/mpns0812615p.
The consequences of failing to notice fever in children can be serious. On the other hand, false positive reading can result in unnecesery investigation or diagnostic approach. The aim of this study was to compare different ways of body temperature measurement.
This prospective study was carried out on Pediatric Department of General Hospital in Subotica during 10 months (March-December 2006). In 263 children aged 1 month to 18 years of age, the body temperature was obtained from 4 measurement sites: tactile assesment, forehead and ear by electronic thermometer, rectal temperature in small children (up to 2 years of age) or axillar temperature in older children by mercury thermometer. Tympanic thermometry was considered as a standard for fever detection.
The sensitivity of rectal temperature to detect fever is 46.67%, while specificity is 92.19%. The sensitivity of fever detection by electronic thermometry on the forehead is lower according to rectal thermometry - 36.08%, while specificity is 95.18%. The lowest values ofsensitivity are recorded in axillar thermometry (35.82%), specificity is 90.20%. The correlation coefficient is higher between tympanic and rectal temperature measurement (r=0.5076, p<0.0005), than between tympanic and forehead measurements (r=0.5076, p<0,0005), while the lowest was between tympanic and axillar mesurement sites (r=0.4933, p<0.0005).
The results of our study and literature data show that the most accurate methods of thermometry are rectal measurement of body temperature in small children and tympanic thermometry in children over 2 years of age.
未察觉儿童发热的后果可能很严重。另一方面，假阳性读数可能导致不必要的检查或诊断方法。本研究的目的是比较不同的体温测量方法。
这项前瞻性研究于2006年3月至12月在苏博蒂察综合医院儿科进行。对263名年龄在1个月至18岁的儿童，从4个测量部位获取体温：触觉评估、用电子温度计测量额头和耳朵温度、对幼儿（2岁及以下）测量直肠温度或对大龄儿童用汞温度计测量腋窝温度。鼓膜测温法被视为发热检测的标准方法。
直肠温度检测发热的灵敏度为46.67%，而特异性为92.19%。与直肠测温法相比，用电子温度计测量额头温度检测发热的灵敏度较低——为36.08%，而特异性为95.18%。腋窝测温法的灵敏度最低（35.82%），特异性为90.20%。鼓膜温度测量与直肠温度测量之间的相关系数更高（r = 0.5076，p < 0.0005），高于鼓膜与额头测量之间的相关系数（r = 0.5076，p < 0.0005），而鼓膜与腋窝测量部位之间的相关系数最低（r = 0.4933，p < 0.0005）。
我们的研究结果和文献数据表明，最准确的测温方法是对幼儿进行直肠体温测量，对2岁以上儿童进行鼓膜测温。
