Stavem K, Saxholm H, Smith-Erichsen N
Department of Medicine, Central Hospital of Akershus, Nordbyhagen, Norway.
Intensive Care Med. 1997 Jan;23(1):100-5. doi: 10.1007/s001340050297.
To assess (1) the agreement between infrared ear thermometry and core reference temperature (in the pulmonary artery). (2) the agreement between measurements in the right and left ears, and (3) the screening validity of infrared tympanic thermometry in detecting rectal fever.
Temperatures were measured in both ears with an infrared thermometer, in one group of patients by simultaneous measurements with thermistors inserted in the pulmonary artery, esophagus, and rectum, and in the other group with a rectal glass-mercury thermometer.
An intensive care unit and a department of internal medicine in a secondary care hospital.
Two samples: 16 adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit and 103 consecutive patients admitted to the department of medicine.
The major outcome measures were (a) the agreement between infrared ear thermometry and thermistor pulmonary artery temperature and (b) the sensitivity and specificity for detecting fever, using rectal measurement as reference.
Both rectal and esophageal thermistor measurements showed better agreement with the pulmonary artery reference temperature than single ear tympanic thermometry. The sensitivity and specificity of ear thermometry for detecting fever (> or = 38.0 degrees C rectal reference) were 0.58 and 0.94, respectively. Double ear thermometry had a sensitivity of 0.61 and a specificity of 0.95, when using the mean value.
Both rectal and esophageal thermistor measurements showed better agreement with pulmonary artery temperature than single ear themometry. Using the mean of two ear measurements improves the agreement and screening validity for detecting fever by rectal temperature. If temperature measurements are critical, esophageal measurements achieve excellent agreement with pulmonary artery temperatures.
评估（1）红外耳温测量法与核心参考温度（肺动脉温度）之间的一致性；（2）左右耳测量结果之间的一致性；（3）红外鼓膜体温计在检测直肠发热方面的筛查有效性。
使用红外体温计测量双耳温度，一组患者同时通过插入肺动脉、食管和直肠的热敏电阻进行测量，另一组使用直肠玻璃水银体温计进行测量。
一家二级护理医院的重症监护病房和内科。
两个样本：16名入住重症监护病房的成年患者和103名连续入住内科的患者。
主要测量指标为（a）红外耳温测量法与热敏电阻肺动脉温度之间的一致性，以及（b）以直肠测量为参考，检测发热的敏感性和特异性。
直肠和食管热敏电阻测量结果与肺动脉参考温度的一致性均优于单耳鼓膜体温计测量结果。耳温测量法检测发热（直肠参考温度≥38.0℃）的敏感性和特异性分别为0.58和0.94。使用平均值时，双耳温测量法的敏感性为0.61，特异性为0.95。
直肠和食管热敏电阻测量结果与肺动脉温度的一致性均优于单耳体温计测量结果。采用双耳测量的平均值可提高检测直肠发热的一致性和筛查有效性。如果体温测量至关重要，食管测量与肺动脉温度的一致性极佳。
