Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéias de Carvalho Aguiar 470, 05403-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
Acta Trop. 2013 Jan;125(1):102-6. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.08.014. Epub 2012 Sep 16.
A few cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria in which anophelines of subgenus Kerteszia were incriminated as vectors have been reported outside the Amazon region, in the Atlantic Forest. This study was carried out near an indigenous Guarani village in the Curucutu reserve, an environmental protection area in the municipality of Itanhaém in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, on November 30, 2009, February 18, 2010, April 29, 2010 and May 26, 2010. Mosquitoes were collected along the route to the Guarani village where the edge of the Branco river floodplain meets the forests on the mountain slopes. Adult forms were collected with CO(2)-baited CDC traps and Shannon traps from twilight to 10:00 P.M. Anopheles cruzii predominated in both traps. The other species collected in the CDC traps were An. pseudomaculipes/maculipes, An. fluminensis and An. mediopunctatus/forattinii/costai. In addition to the latter three species, An. apicimacula/intermedius and An. strodei were also found in the Shannon traps. All but An. cruzii and An. strodei belong to subgenus Anopheles. A total of 506 mosquitoes were assayed by PCR to detect natural infection by Plasmodium species. In the CDC traps, An. fluminensis and An. pseudomaculipes/maculipes were positive for Plasmodium malariae, while in the Shannon traps An. pseudomaculipes/maculipes was positive for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium malariae and An. cruzii was positive for P. malariae, resulting in a minimum infection rate of 0.24%. Our findings suggest that An. cruzii may be incriminated in the transmission of malaria between monkeys and humans, as this species was found to be infected by P. malariae. They also highlight the need for an understanding of the role of anophelines from outside subgenus Kerteszia in the transmission of malaria in the Atlantic Forest, as these were also found to be naturally infected by P. vivax and P. malariae.
已在亚马逊地区以外的大西洋森林中报告了几起因库氏按蚊亚属（Kerteszia）的按蚊而引起的间日疟原虫疟疾病例。这项研究于 2009 年 11 月 30 日、2010 年 2 月 18 日、2010 年 4 月 29 日和 2010 年 5 月 26 日在巴西圣保罗州伊塔尼亚伊市库里图保护区的一个瓜拉尼印第安人村庄附近进行。在瓜拉尼村庄，沿着布兰科河漫滩与山坡森林接壤的路线收集蚊子。用 CO（2）诱饵的 CDC 陷阱和 Shannon 陷阱在黄昏至晚上 10 点收集成年蚊子。两种陷阱中均以库蚊占优势。在 CDC 陷阱中收集到的其他物种包括伪环斑按蚊/环斑按蚊、弗林蚊和中带按蚊/福氏按蚊/科泰按蚊。除了后三种，在 Shannon 陷阱中还发现了尖音按蚊/中间按蚊和斯特里蚊。除库蚊和斯特里蚊外，所有这些物种均属于按蚊亚属。共检测了 506 只蚊子的 PCR，以检测是否存在疟原虫自然感染。在 CDC 陷阱中，弗林蚊和伪环斑按蚊/环斑按蚊对间日疟原虫呈阳性，而在 Shannon 陷阱中，伪环斑按蚊/环斑按蚊对间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫呈阳性，库蚊对间日疟原虫呈阳性，最低感染率为 0.24%。我们的发现表明，库蚊可能参与了猴子和人类之间的疟疾传播，因为该物种被发现感染了间日疟原虫。它们还强调了需要了解来自库氏按蚊亚属以外的按蚊在大西洋森林中传播疟疾的作用，因为这些按蚊也被发现自然感染了间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫。
