Matei Mădălina, Nechita A
Functional Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Lower Danube University, Galati, Romania.
Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2012;53(3):569-72.
The values of the glucose influence the status of the periodontium, but also the periodontitis influences the glucose balance by increasing the resistance to insulin. In the case of children in the first step the gingivitis appears, than if the glucose control is not made and the dental hygiene is defective the evolution is towards advanced periodontal disease. The present histomorphometric study wants to emphasize the eventual changes that appear at the level of the gingival epithelium before and after starting a correct treatment of the periodontal disease. The histomorphometric study indicates an average nuclear area of the keratinocytes of 211.65 μm² in the batch studied before the application of the treatment and an increase of the average nuclear area to 234.88 μm² after the treatment (p=0.010538). The nuclear volume before the treatment has an average value of 2396.61 μm³, after the treatment it reaches the value of 2996.924 μm³. The area of the keratinocytes has an average of 495.43 μm², after the treatment it reaches the value of 724.89 μm², noticing a 14.6% (p=0.004) increase of the cellular area. Before the treatment, we notice a ballooning of the cells from the intermediary level, the existence of some pyknotic nuclei and the disappearance of the nucleoli. The associated gingival pathology diabetes mellitus type 1 in the case of children and teenagers is treatable within six months, macroscopically and microscopically the gingival mucosa approaching to normal conditions. In the case of children and teenagers diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, the dental check is mandatory in order to prevent the gingival and periodontal diseases.
血糖值会影响牙周组织的状态，而牙周炎也会通过增加胰岛素抵抗来影响血糖平衡。对于儿童来说，首先会出现牙龈炎，如果血糖控制不佳且口腔卫生不良，病情就会发展为严重的牙周疾病。本组织形态计量学研究旨在强调在开始正确治疗牙周疾病前后，牙龈上皮层出现的可能变化。组织形态计量学研究表明，在进行治疗前的研究批次中，角质形成细胞的平均核面积为211.65μm²，治疗后平均核面积增加到234.88μm²（p = 0.010538）。治疗前核体积的平均值为2396.61μm³，治疗后达到2996.924μm³。角质形成细胞的面积平均为495.43μm²，治疗后达到724.89μm²，细胞面积增加了14.6%（p = 0.004）。治疗前，我们注意到中间层细胞出现气球样变，存在一些固缩核且核仁消失。对于儿童和青少年，1型糖尿病相关的牙龈病变在六个月内是可治疗的，从宏观和微观上看，牙龈黏膜接近正常状态。对于诊断为1型糖尿病的儿童和青少年，为预防牙龈和牙周疾病，必须进行牙科检查。
