Department of Kinesiology, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Jul;27(7):1841-50. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31827361c4.
The purpose of this study was to examine physiologic performance test differences by competition level (high school and Division-I collegiate athletes) and player position (hitter, setter, defensive specialist) in 4 volleyball-related tests. A secondary purpose was to establish whether a 150-yd shuttle could be used as a field test to assess anaerobic capacity. Female participants from 4 varsity high school volleyball teams (n = 27) and 2 Division-I collegiate volleyball teams (n = 26) were recruited for the study. Participants completed 4 performance-based field tests (vertical jump, agility T-test, and 150- and 300-yd shuttle runs) after completing a standardized dynamic warm-up. A 2-way multivariate analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc adjustments (when appropriate) and effect sizes were used for the analyses. The most important findings of this study were that (a) college volleyball athletes were older, heavier, and taller than high school athletes; (b) high school athletes had performance deficiencies in vertical jump/lower-body power, agility, and anaerobic fitness; (c) lower-body power was the only statistically significant difference in the performance test measures by player position; and (d) the correlation between the 150- and 300-yd shuttle was moderate (r = 0.488). Female high school volleyball players may enhance their ability to play collegiate volleyball by improving their vertical jump, lower-body power, agility, and anaerobic fitness. Furthermore, all player positions should emphasize lower-body power conditioning. These physical test scores provide baseline performance scores that should help strength and conditioning coaches create programs that will address deficits in female volleyball player performance, especially as they transition from high school to college.
本研究的目的是通过竞赛水平（高中和一级大学运动员）和球员位置（击球手、二传手、防守专家）检查 4 项排球相关测试中的生理表现测试差异。次要目的是确定 150 码穿梭跑是否可以用作评估无氧能力的场测试。从 4 支大学高中排球队（n = 27）和 2 支一级大学排球队（n = 26）招募了女性参与者参加这项研究。参与者在完成标准动态热身后完成了 4 项基于性能的场测试（垂直跳跃、敏捷 T 测试、150 码和 300 码穿梭跑）。使用 2 路多元方差分析和 Bonferroni 事后调整（在适当情况下）和效应大小进行分析。这项研究的最重要发现是：（a）大学排球运动员比高中运动员年龄更大、体重更大、身高更高；（b）高中运动员在垂直跳跃/下肢力量、敏捷性和无氧健身方面表现出缺陷；（c）下肢力量是球员位置在表现测试测量中唯一具有统计学意义的差异；（d）150 码和 300 码穿梭跑之间的相关性是中度的（r = 0.488）。高中女子排球队员可以通过提高垂直跳跃、下肢力量、敏捷性和无氧健身能力来提高她们参加大学排球的能力。此外，所有球员位置都应强调下肢力量训练。这些身体测试分数提供了基本表现分数，这应该有助于力量和调节教练创建计划，以解决女子排球运动员表现的缺陷，特别是当她们从高中过渡到大学时。
