Salles Jerusa Fumagalli de, Holderbaum Candice Steffen, Parente Maria Alice Mattos Pimenta, Mansur Letícia Lessa, Ansaldo Ana Inès
Department of Developmental and Personality Psychology, Graduate Studies Program in Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2012 Sep;70(9):718-26. doi: 10.1590/s0004-282x2012000900014.
There is evidence that the explicit lexical-semantic processing deficits which characterize aphasia may be observed in the absence of implicit semantic impairment. The aim of this article was to critically review the international literature on lexical-semantic processing in aphasia, as tested through the semantic priming paradigm. Specifically, this review focused on aphasia and lexical-semantic processing, the methodological strengths and weaknesses of the semantic paradigms used, and recent evidence from neuroimaging studies on lexical-semantic processing. Furthermore, evidence on dissociations between implicit and explicit lexical-semantic processing reported in the literature will be discussed and interpreted by referring to functional neuroimaging evidence from healthy populations. There is evidence that semantic priming effects can be found both in fluent and in non-fluent aphasias, and that these effects are related to an extensive network which includes the temporal lobe, the pre-frontal cortex, the left frontal gyrus, the left temporal gyrus and the cingulated cortex.
有证据表明，失语症所特有的明确词汇 - 语义加工缺陷可能在没有内隐语义损伤的情况下被观察到。本文的目的是批判性地回顾通过语义启动范式测试的关于失语症词汇 - 语义加工的国际文献。具体而言，本综述聚焦于失语症与词汇 - 语义加工、所用语义范式的方法学优缺点，以及词汇 - 语义加工神经影像学研究的最新证据。此外，将通过参考健康人群的功能神经影像学证据来讨论和解释文献中报道的内隐和外显词汇 - 语义加工分离的证据。有证据表明，在流利型和非流利型失语症中都能发现语义启动效应，并且这些效应与一个广泛的网络有关，该网络包括颞叶、前额叶皮质、左侧额回、左侧颞回和扣带回皮质。
