Department of Neuroendocrinology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Physiol Behav. 2012 Oct 10;107(3):322-8. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.09.005. Epub 2012 Sep 17.
Epidemiological studies have shown an association between short or disrupted sleep and an increased risk to develop obesity. In animal studies, however, sleep restriction leads to an attenuation of weight gain that cannot be explained by changes in energy intake. In the present study, we assessed whether the attenuated weight gain under conditions of restricted sleep is a consequence of an overall increase in energy expenditure. Adult male rats were subjected to a schedule of chronic sleep restriction (SR) for 8 days with a 4h window of unrestricted rest per day. Electroencephalogram and electromyogram recordings were performed to quantify the effect of the sleep restriction schedule on sleep-wake patterns. In a separate experiment, we measured sleep restriction-induced changes in body weight, food intake, and regulatory hormones such as glucose, insulin, leptin and corticosterone. To investigate whether a change in energy expenditure underlies the attenuation of weight gain, energy expenditure was measured by the doubly labeled water method from day 5 until day 8 of the SR protocol. Results show a clear attenuation of weight gain during sleep restriction but no change in food intake. Baseline plasma glucose, insulin and leptin levels are decreased after sleep restriction which presumably reflects the nutritional status of the rats. The daily energy expenditure during SR was significantly increased compared to control rats. Together, we conclude that the attenuation of body weight gain in sleep restricted rats is explained by an overall increase in energy expenditure together with an unaltered energy intake.
流行病学研究表明，睡眠不足或睡眠中断与肥胖风险增加之间存在关联。然而，在动物研究中，睡眠限制导致体重增加减弱，而这种减弱不能用能量摄入的变化来解释。在本研究中，我们评估了在睡眠受限条件下体重减轻是否是总能量消耗增加的结果。成年雄性大鼠接受 8 天慢性睡眠限制（SR）方案，每天有 4 小时不受限制的休息时间。进行脑电图和肌电图记录，以量化睡眠限制方案对睡眠-觉醒模式的影响。在另一个实验中，我们测量了睡眠限制引起的体重、食物摄入以及葡萄糖、胰岛素、瘦素和皮质酮等调节激素的变化。为了研究能量消耗的变化是否是体重减轻的基础，我们使用双标记水法从 SR 方案的第 5 天到第 8 天测量能量消耗。结果表明，在睡眠限制期间体重明显减轻，但食物摄入没有变化。睡眠限制后基础血浆葡萄糖、胰岛素和瘦素水平下降，这可能反映了大鼠的营养状况。与对照组相比，SR 期间的每日能量消耗显著增加。总之，我们得出结论，睡眠受限大鼠体重减轻是由于总能量消耗增加和能量摄入不变共同导致的。
