健康信念模型预测巴基斯坦农村一级保健设施中卫生保健工作者的锐器伤。

Health belief model to predict sharps injuries among health care workers at first level care facilities in rural Pakistan.

机构信息

Department of Community Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.

出版信息

Am J Ind Med. 2013 Apr;56(4):479-87. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22117. Epub 2012 Sep 19.

DOI:10.1002/ajim.22117

PMID:22996806

Abstract

BACKGROUND

We assessed the frequency and predictors of sharp injuries (SIs) among health care workers (HCWs) at first level care facilities (FLCF) in rural Pakistan.

METHOD

HCWs working at public clinic (PC), privately owned licensed practitioners' clinic (LPC) and non-licensed practitioners' clinic(NLC) were interviewed on universal precautions (UPs) and constructs of health belief model (HBM) to assess their association with SIs through negative-binomial regression.

RESULTS

From 365 clinics, 485 HCWs were interviewed. Overall annual rate of SIs was 192/100 HCWs/year; 78/100 HCWs among licensed prescribers, 191/100 HCWs among non-licensed prescribers, 248/100 HCWs among qualified assistants, and 321/100 HCWs among non-qualified assistants. Increasing knowledge score about bloodborne pathogens (BBPs) transmission (rate-ratio (RR): 0.93; 95%CI: 0.89-0.96), fewer years of work experience, being a non-licensed prescriber (RR: 2.02; 95%CI: 1.36-2.98) licensed (RR: 2.86; 9%CI: 1.81-4.51) or non-licensed assistant (RR: 2.78; 95%CI: 1.72-4.47) compared to a licensed prescriber, perceived barriers (RR: 1.06; 95%CI: 1.03-1.08), and compliance with UPs scores (RR: 0.93; 95%CI: 0.87-0.97) were significant predictors of SIs.

CONCLUSION

Improved knowledge about BBPs, compliance with UPs and reduced barriers to follow UPs could reduce SIs to HCWs.

摘要

背景

我们评估了巴基斯坦农村一级保健设施（FLCF）中卫生保健工作者（HCWs）锐器伤（SIs）的频率和预测因素。

方法

对在公立诊所（PC）、私人持照执业医师诊所（LPC）和非持照执业医师诊所（NLC）工作的 HCWs 进行了普遍预防措施（UPs）和健康信念模型（HBM）结构的访谈，以通过负二项回归评估它们与 SIs 的关系。

结果

在 365 个诊所中，对 485 名 HCWs 进行了访谈。总的 SIs 年发生率为 192/100 HCWs/年；持照处方者中每 100 名 HCWs 有 78 例 SIs，非持照处方者中每 100 名 HCWs 有 191 例 SIs，合格助理中每 100 名 HCWs 有 248 例 SIs，非合格助理中每 100 名 HCWs 有 321 例 SIs。关于血源性病原体（BBPs）传播的知识评分增加（比率比（RR）：0.93；95%CI：0.89-0.96）、工作年限减少、非持照从业者（RR：2.02；95%CI：1.36-2.98）持照（RR：2.86；9%CI：1.81-4.51）或非持照助理（RR：2.78；95%CI：1.72-4.47）与持照从业者相比，感知障碍（RR：1.06；95%CI：1.03-1.08）和 UP 得分的依从性（RR：0.93；95%CI：0.87-0.97）是 SIs 的显著预测因素。