Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Jan;20(1):591-6. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-1152-1. Epub 2012 Sep 21.
Controversy exists as to whether working or living in the vicinity of a petroleum refinery (RF) increases the risk of haematological cancer (HC). The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register obliges petroleum refineries to notify their emissions of toxic substances which include carcinogenic substances. Our objective is to determine if living in the proximity of an RF is associated with a greater risk of mortality due to HC in the census tracts (CTs) of the Spanish cities of Bilbao, Cartagena, Castellón, La Coruña, Huelva, and Santa Cruz de Tenerife. This is an ecological study of mortality in the years 1996-2007 which includes 968 CTs with 1,263,371 inhabitants. Exposure has been measured as the distance from the centroid of each CT to the RF. The Besag-York-Mollié autoregressive spatial model has been fitted by R-INLA to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 95 % credible intervals (95 % CrI) for distance in quintiles. The most distant quintile has been taken as the reference. A total of 2,574 persons died of HC. The distances from the CTs to RFs ranged from 0.5 to 22.5 km (median = 7.6 km). All of the RRs for the quintiles of distances in Huelva were greater than 1. Statistically significant excess risk was shown in Cartagena in the nearest CT (1.8 to 6.8 km; RR = 1.43, 95 % CrI 1.02 to 2.02). Radial effects have not been detected between the CT of residence and the petroleum RF in mortality due to HC in any of the cities.
关于在石油精炼厂（RF）附近工作或居住是否会增加血液系统癌症（HC）的风险存在争议。欧洲污染物排放和转移登记册要求石油精炼厂通知其排放有毒物质，其中包括致癌物质。我们的目的是确定在西班牙毕尔巴鄂、卡塔赫纳、卡斯特利翁、拉科鲁尼亚、韦尔瓦和特内里费圣克鲁斯等城市的普查区（CT）中，居住在 RF 附近是否与因 HC 导致的死亡率增加有关。这是一项关于 1996-2007 年死亡率的生态研究，包括 968 个 CT，有 1,263,371 名居民。暴露程度是通过每个 CT 的质心到 RF 的距离来衡量的。贝塞格-约克-莫利尔自回归空间模型已通过 R-INLA 拟合，以估计距离五分位数的相对风险（RR）和 95%可信区间（95%CrI）。最远距离五分位数被视为参考。共有 2,574 人死于 HC。CT 与 RF 之间的距离范围从 0.5 到 22.5 公里（中位数=7.6 公里）。韦尔瓦所有距离五分位数的 RR 均大于 1。在距离最近的 CT（1.8 至 6.8 公里；RR=1.43，95%CrI1.02 至 2.02）中，卡塔赫纳显示出统计学上显著的超额风险。在任何一个城市，由于 HC 导致的死亡率与居住的 CT 和石油 RF 之间都没有检测到径向效应。
