Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 May;20(5):2867-81. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-1186-4. Epub 2012 Sep 21.
This study integrated estimated oxidation ratio of sulfur (SOR) and oxidation ratio of nitrogen (NOR) with source-receptor modeling results to identify the effects of terrain and monsoons on ambient aerosols in an urban area (north basin) and a rural area (south basin) of the Taichung Basin. The estimated results indicate that the conversion of sulfur mainly occurs in fine particles (PM₂.₅), whereas the conversion of nitrogen occurs in approximately equal quantities of PM₂.₅ and coarse particles (PM₂.₅-₁₀). The results show a direct relationship for PM₂.₅ between the modeling results with SOR and NOR. The high PM₂.₅ SOR, NOR, and secondary aerosol values all occurred in the upwind area during both monsoons; this shows that the photochemical reaction and the terrain effect on the pollutant transmission were significant in the basin. Additionally, the urban heat island effect on the urban area and the valley effect on the rural area were significant. The results show that secondary aerosol in PM₂.₅-₁₀ contributed approximately 10 % during both monsoons, and the difference in the contribution from secondary aerosol between both areas was small. Vehicle exhaust emissions and wind-borne dust were two crucial PM2.5-10 contributors during both monsoons; their average contributions in both areas were higher than 34 and 32 %, respectively.
本研究将硫的估算氧化比（SOR）和氮的估算氧化比（NOR）与源受体模型结果相结合，以识别地形和季风对台中盆地市区（北盆地）和农村地区（南盆地）环境气溶胶的影响。估算结果表明，硫的转化主要发生在细颗粒物（PM₂.₅）中，而氮的转化则等量发生在 PM₂.₅和粗颗粒物（PM₂.₅-₁₀）中。结果表明，SOR 和 NOR 模型结果与 PM₂.₅之间存在直接关系。在两个季风期间，高 PM₂.₅ SOR、NOR 和二次气溶胶值都出现在上风区；这表明光化学反应和地形对污染物传输的影响在盆地中非常显著。此外，城市热岛效应对市区和山谷效应对农村地区的影响也非常显著。结果表明，二次气溶胶在 PM₂.₅-₁₀中的贡献在两个季风期间均约为 10%，两个地区之间的二次气溶胶贡献差异较小。车辆尾气排放和扬尘是两个季风期间 PM2.5-10 的两个关键贡献者；它们在两个地区的平均贡献都高于 34%和 32%。
