Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2012 Nov-Dec;26(6):1490-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.01003.x. Epub 2012 Sep 24.
Cytauxzoon felis is a hemoprotozoal parasite that causes substantial morbidity and mortality during the acute phase of infection in cats. However, cats that survive the acute illness remain persistently infected and may serve as a reservoir for the tick-transmitted pathogen.
We investigated the ability of the antiprotozoal compound diminazene diaceturate to eliminate the pathogen from naturally infected C. felis carriers.
Seven healthy, chronically infected domestic cats housed in a research setting.
Prospective clinical trial. Cats were treated in a masked fashion with diminazene diaceturate (3 mg/kg) or placebo IM in a series of 2 injections 7 days apart. Clearance of the organism was assessed by light microscopy and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at 0, 3, 6, and 10 weeks. In addition, cats were monitored for behavioral changes or for changes on physical examination, CBC, plasma biochemical profile, and urinalysis periodically. Cats that remained parasitemic at the end of 10 weeks were switched to the alternative treatment and similarly monitored for an additional 10 weeks.
Adverse events associated with treatment were limited to self-resolving hypersalivation and injection site soreness; the former was ameliorated by premedication with atropine. Parasite burden, as assayed by both light microscopy and real-time PCR, was similar between diminazene- and placebo-treated cats.
Diminazene diaceturate was unable to eliminate the pathogen or decrease parasite burden in healthy, chronically infected cats.
猫泰勒虫是一种血液原生动物寄生虫，在猫感染的急性期会导致严重的发病率和死亡率。然而，幸存急性疾病的猫仍然持续感染，并可能成为蜱传播病原体的储主。
我们研究了抗原生动物化合物二乙酰乙酰对二甲苯能否消除自然感染的猫泰勒虫携带者中的病原体。
7 只健康、慢性感染的家猫，饲养在研究环境中。
前瞻性临床试验。猫以掩蔽方式接受二乙酰乙酰对二甲苯（3mg/kg）或安慰剂肌内注射，间隔 7 天注射 2 次。通过在 0、3、6 和 10 周时用光镜和实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）评估清除生物体的情况。此外，定期监测猫的行为变化或身体检查、全血细胞计数、血浆生化谱和尿液分析的变化。在 10 周结束时仍存在寄生虫血症的猫被切换到替代治疗，并同样监测另外 10 周。
与治疗相关的不良事件仅限于自限性过度流涎和注射部位疼痛；前者通过阿托品预先治疗得到改善。通过光镜和实时 PCR 检测，二乙酰乙酰对二甲苯和安慰剂治疗的猫的寄生虫负荷相似。
二乙酰乙酰对二甲苯无法消除病原体或减少健康、慢性感染猫的寄生虫负荷。
