Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Immunity. 2012 Sep 21;37(3):389-98. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.08.011.
In contrast to the extraordinary body of knowledge gained over the past three decades on the virology, pathogenesis, and immunology of HIV-1 infection, innate sensors that detect HIV-1 had remained elusive until recently. By virtue of integration, retroviridae makes up a substantial portion of our genome. Thus, immune strategies that deal with endogenous retroviruses are, by necessity, those of self-preservation and not of virus elimination. Some of the principles of such strategies may also apply for defense against exogenous retroviruses including HIV-1. Here, I highlight several sensors that have recently been revealed to be capable of recognizing distinct features of HIV-1 infection, while taking into account the host-retrovirus relationship that converges on avoiding pathogenic inflammatory consequences.
与过去三十年在 HIV-1 感染的病毒学、发病机制和免疫学方面所获得的非凡知识相比，直到最近，能够检测 HIV-1 的先天传感器仍然难以捉摸。由于整合，逆转录病毒构成了我们基因组的重要部分。因此，针对内源性逆转录病毒的免疫策略必然是自我保护而不是消除病毒。其中一些策略的原则也可能适用于防御包括 HIV-1 在内的外源性逆转录病毒。在这里，我强调了几个最近被发现能够识别 HIV-1 感染的不同特征的传感器，同时考虑到了宿主-逆转录病毒关系，这种关系集中在避免致病性炎症后果上。
