Kolvin Itamar, Bouchbinder Eran
Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2012 Jul;86(1 Pt 1):010501. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.86.010501. Epub 2012 Jul 20.
A wide range of glassy and disordered materials exhibit complex, nonexponential, structural relaxation (aging). We propose a simple nonlinear rate equation δ = a[1-exp(b δ)], where δ is the normalized deviation of a macroscopic variable from its equilibrium value, to describe glassy relaxation. Analysis of extensive experimental data shows that this equation quantitatively captures structural relaxation, where a and b are both temperature- and, more importantly, history-dependent parameters. This analysis explicitly demonstrates that structural relaxation cannot be accurately described by a single nonequilibrium variable. Relaxation rates extracted from the data imply the existence of cooperative rearrangements on a supermolecular scale.
多种玻璃态和无序材料表现出复杂的、非指数型的结构弛豫（老化）。我们提出一个简单的非线性速率方程δ = a[1 - exp(bδ)]，其中δ是宏观变量与其平衡值的归一化偏差，用于描述玻璃态弛豫。对大量实验数据的分析表明，该方程能定量地捕捉结构弛豫，其中a和b都是与温度相关的参数，更重要的是，它们还与历史相关。该分析明确表明，结构弛豫不能用单一的非平衡变量准确描述。从数据中提取的弛豫速率意味着在超分子尺度上存在协同重排。
