Hunt D A, Snyder J R, Morgan J P, Pascoe J R
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis 95616.
Vet Surg. 1990 Jan-Feb;19(1):41-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1990.tb01141.x.
The medical records of 25 horses 1 year of age or younger affected with femoral head and neck fractures during an 18 year period were reviewed. Each fracture involved the capital physis. The foals were 11 days to 12 months of age (mean, 5 months). No femoral capital physeal fractures occurred in horses older than 1 year of age during the same period. The history in each case included acute onset of severe unilateral hindlimb lameness, 3 hours to 2 months (mean, 12 days) before presentation. Injuries observed were violent falls, struggles, and kicks. Crepitation, swelling, pain with manipulation or palpation or both, and apparent fracture fragment displacement were inconsistently noted. Tentative clinical diagnoses were confirmed by radiography in 24 foals and by necropsy alone in one foal. Twenty-one foals were euthanatized due to poor prognosis. One foal sent home for stall rest was lost to follow-up. Surgical repair was attempted in three foals. Two fractures were repaired with multiple intramedullary pins and the foals were euthanatized within 2 weeks due to surgical failure and, in one case, contralateral limb breakdown. The third fracture was repaired with a compressing screw and plate device; the animal was pasture sound at month 20.
回顾了18年间25匹1岁及以下患股骨头和颈部骨折马的病历。每例骨折均累及股骨头骨骺。这些驹的年龄为11天至12个月（平均5个月）。同一时期1岁以上的马未发生股骨头骨骺骨折。每例病例的病史均包括在就诊前3小时至2个月（平均12天）出现严重的单侧后肢急性跛行。观察到的损伤有剧烈摔倒、挣扎和踢伤。不一致地注意到有骨擦音、肿胀、手法或触诊疼痛或两者皆有以及明显的骨折碎片移位。24匹驹经X线摄影确诊，1匹驹仅经尸检确诊初步临床诊断。21匹驹因预后不良实施安乐死。1匹送回家中厩内休息的驹失访。对3匹驹尝试进行手术修复。2例骨折用多根髓内针修复，由于手术失败，其中1例在2周内实施安乐死，另1例对侧肢体出现问题。第3例骨折用加压螺钉和钢板装置修复；该动物在第20个月时在牧场状况良好。
