Loi Samantha, Chiu Edmond
St Vincent's Aged Mental Health, and lecturer, Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Australas Psychiatry. 2012 Oct;20(5):438-41. doi: 10.1177/1039856212459587. Epub 2012 Sep 26.
This paper examines the notions that psychiatry can be greatly influenced by what society considers as 'normal', and that psychiatric thoughts and beliefs ebb and flow according to history and the social and cultural values of the time.
As part of the medical profession, psychiatrists have much power in determining treatment and outcomes for patients. Unfortunately, this also means psychiatry has also been involved with the darker aspects of humanity, such as during the Nazi regime, and the abuse of patients' human rights. Huntington's disease (HD) is a neuropsychiatric illness from which observation and little knowledge reported by the medical profession spanned decades of incorrect and sensationalised documentation, that was also influenced by the values of the time. Such was the atmosphere of society during this period that the ideas and notions regarding HD disseminated by the respected medical profession were believed and accepted as fact by the general population and other professions, who would have been ignorant of any other contrary information. We need to be aware of social and cultural values as these can influence our understanding of diagnoses and treatments of our patients.
本文探讨了精神病学可能会受到社会所认为的“正常”观念的极大影响,以及精神病学思想和信念会随着历史以及当时的社会和文化价值观而兴衰起伏的观点。
作为医学专业的一部分,精神科医生在决定患者的治疗和预后方面拥有很大权力。不幸的是,这也意味着精神病学也与人性中较为黑暗的方面有所关联,比如在纳粹政权时期以及患者人权遭到侵犯的情况。亨廷顿舞蹈症(HD)是一种神经精神疾病,医学界对其的观察和了解甚少,长达数十年的记录存在错误且耸人听闻,这也受到了当时价值观的影响。在这一时期的社会氛围下,备受尊敬的医学界所传播的关于HD的观点和概念被普通大众以及其他行业当作事实予以相信和接受,而这些人可能对任何其他相反的信息一无所知。我们需要意识到社会和文化价值观,因为它们会影响我们对患者诊断和治疗的理解。