Department of Neurology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York and Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Sports Health. 2011 Jan;3(1):11-24. doi: 10.1177/1941738110391413.
Repeat concussion is an important issue in the National Football League (NFL). An initial description of repeat injuries was published for 6 years (1996-2001).
The characteristics and frequency of repeat concussion in the NFL have not changed in the subsequent 6 years (2002-2007).
Case control.
From 1996 to 2007, concussions were reported using a standardized form documenting signs and symptoms, loss of consciousness and medical action taken. Data on repeat concussions were analyzed for the 12 years and compared between the 2 periods.
In 2002-2007, 152 players had repeat concussions (vs 160 in 1996-2001); 44 had 3+ head injuries (vs 52). The positions most often associated with repeat concussion in 2002-2007 were the defensive secondary, kick unit, running back, and linebacker. The odds for repeat concussion were elevated for wide receivers, tight ends, and linebackers but lower than in the earlier period. During 2002-2007, over half of players with repeat concussion were removed from play, and fewer immediately returned (vs 1996-2001). The average duration between concussions was 1.25 years for 2002-2007 and 1.65 years for the 12-year period. Over 12 years, 7.6% of all repeat concussions occurred within 2 weeks of the prior concussion.
The defensive secondary, kick unit, running back, and linebacker have the highest incidence of repeat concussion. During 2002-2007, more than half of players with repeat concussion were removed from play, and only a fraction immediately returned. Although concussion was managed more conservatively by team physicians in the recent 6 years, repeat concussions occurred at similar rates during both periods.
重复脑震荡是美国国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）的一个重要问题。最初对重复损伤的描述发表于 6 年（1996-2001 年）。
在随后的 6 年（2002-2007 年），NFL 中重复脑震荡的特征和频率没有改变。
病例对照。
从 1996 年到 2007 年，使用记录体征和症状、意识丧失和采取的医疗措施的标准化表格报告脑震荡。对这 12 年的重复脑震荡数据进行分析，并在两个时期进行比较。
在 2002-2007 年，有 152 名球员发生重复脑震荡（1996-2001 年为 160 名）；44 名球员有 3 次以上头部受伤（52 名）。2002-2007 年与重复脑震荡最相关的位置是防守二线、踢球组、跑卫和线卫。外接手、近端锋和线卫发生重复脑震荡的几率较高，但低于早期。在 2002-2007 年期间，超过一半有重复脑震荡的球员被停赛，且立即复出的球员较少（1996-2001 年）。2002-2007 年两次脑震荡之间的平均间隔时间为 1.25 年，12 年期间为 1.65 年。在 12 年期间，7.6%的重复脑震荡发生在前一次脑震荡后的 2 周内。
防守二线、踢球组、跑卫和线卫发生重复脑震荡的几率最高。在 2002-2007 年期间，超过一半有重复脑震荡的球员被停赛，且只有一小部分球员立即复出。尽管最近 6 年来队医对脑震荡的管理更为保守，但两个时期重复脑震荡的发生率相似。
